Surface engineering and design strategy for surface-amorphized TiO 2 @graphene hybrids for high power Li-Ion battery electrodes

Electrode materials with battery-like high capacity and capacitorlike

rate performance are highly desirable, since they would signifi

cantly advance next-generation energy storage technology. [ 1 ]

TiO 2 has received increasing attention as an anode material for

lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its good reversible capacity

and low volume expansion upon lithiation, as well as its low

cost and safe lithiation potential. [ 2 ] The low lithium-ion mobility

within the crystalline phase TiO 2 , however, together with its

poor electrical conductivity, means that only a thin surface

layer of the host material is available for Li intercalation at high

rates. [ 3 ] These issues are still challenges that hinder the electrochemical

performance of this material.