Steele, Julie R.

Overview

Passionate about developing innovative strategies, based on applied biomechanics, to decrease injury potential and optimise quality of life for individuals across the age spectrum.

Research Areas

Research Overview

Over the past 37+ years, my research has focused on developing innovative strategies, based on applied biomechanics, to decrease injury potential and optimise quality of life for individuals across the age spectrum. My original research focused on mechanisms of lower limb injuries during dynamic landings, as well as the effects of obesity, ageing and occupational loading on lower limb structure and function with implications for footwear design. However, my current research interests also include developing wearable technologies to enhance health andbreast health biomechanics. I have been privileged to receive the 2005 NSW Telstra Business Woman of the Year. A current member of the World Council of Biomechanics, I have had the honour of serving on the Executive Council of several national and international professional associations, including being the first Australian President of the International Society of Biomechanics. I was recently appointed a Member (AM) of the Order of Australia (General Division), for significant service to science in the field of biomechanics, to higher education, and to professional associations.

Selected Publications

Journal Article

Year	Title
2020	Breast Biomechanics: What Do We Really Know? Published In Physiology Volume 35 Pages 144 - 156 ISSN 1548-9213 Altmetric
2020	Breast and torso characteristics of female contact football players: implications for the design of sports bras and breast protection Published In Ergonomics Altmetric
2020	Breast pain affects the performance of elite female athletes Published In Journal of Sports Sciences Altmetric
2020	Effect of external breast prosthesis mass on bra strap loading and discomfort in women with a unilateral mastectomy Published In Clinical Biomechanics Volume 73 Pages 86 - 91 Altmetric
2020	Effect of shaft stiffness and sole flexibility on perceived comfort and the plantar pressures generated when walking on a simulated underground coal mining surface Published In Applied Ergonomics Volume 84 Altmetric
2020	Experimental evaluation and analytical model of the pressure generated by elastic compression garments on a deformable human limb analogue Published In Medical Engineering and Physics Altmetric
2020	Physical side-effects following breast reconstructive surgery impact physical activity and function Published In Supportive Care in Cancer Altmetric
2020	Training for success: Do simulated aerial landings replicate successful aerial landings performed in the ocean? Published In Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports Altmetric
2019	Breast injuries reported by female contact football players based on football code, player position and competition level Published In Science and Medicine in Football Altmetric
2019	Breast pain and sports bra usage reported by Chinese women: Why sports bra education programs are needed in China Published In Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe Volume 27 Pages 17 - 22 Altmetric
2019	Does breast size affect how women participate in physical activity? Published In Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Volume 22 Pages 324 - 329 ISSN 1440-2440 Altmetric
2019	Effect of work boot shaft stiffness and sole flexibility on lower limb muscle activity and ankle alignment at initial foot-ground contact when walking on simulated coal mining surfaces: Implications for reducing slip risk Published In Applied Ergonomics: human factors in technology and society Volume 81 Pages 102903-1 - 102903-10 ISSN 0003-6870 Altmetric
2019	Effects of obesity on breast size, thoracic spine structure and function, upper torso musculoskeletal pain and physical activity in women Published In Journal of Sport and Health Science Volume Online First Pages 1 - 9 Altmetric
2019	Rescheduling Part 2 of the 11+ reduces injury burden and increases compliance in semi-professional football Published In Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports Volume 29 Pages 1941 - 1951 ISSN 0905-7188 Altmetric
2019	The "forgotten footwear": developing occupational footwear for underground coal miners Published In Footwear Science Volume 11 Pages S5 - S6 ISSN 1942-4280 Altmetric
2019	The occurrence, causes and perceived performance effects of breast injuries in elite female athletes Published In Journal of Sports Science and Medicine Volume 18 Pages 569 - 576 ISSN 1303-2968
2018	A protocol to prospectively assess risk factors for medial tibial stress syndrome in distance runners Published In BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 10 Pages 20-1 - 20-10 Altmetric
2018	Are underground coal miners satisfied with their work boots? Published In Applied Ergonomics: human factors in technology and society Volume 66 Pages 98 - 104 ISSN 0003-6870 Altmetric
2018	Bra band size measurements derived from three-dimensional scans are not accurate in women with large, ptotic breasts Published In Ergonomics: an international journal of research and practice in human factors and ergonomics Volume 61 Pages 464 - 472 ISSN 1366-5847 Altmetric
2018	Can breast characteristics predict upper torso musculoskeletal pain? Published In Clinical Biomechanics Volume 53 Pages 46 - 53 ISSN 0268-0033 Altmetric
2018	Effects of age and body mass index on breast characteristics: a cluster analysis Published In Ergonomics: an international journal of research and practice in human factors and ergonomics Volume 61 Pages 1232 - 1245 ISSN 1366-5847 Altmetric
2018	Effects of wearing gumboots and leather lace-up work boots on plantar loading when walking on a simulated underground coal mine surface Published In Footwear Science Volume Online First Pages 1 - 10 ISSN 1942-4280 Altmetric
2018	How do we fit underground coal mining work boots? Published In Ergonomics: an international journal of research and practice in human factors and ergonomics Volume Online First Pages 1 - 11 ISSN 1366-5847 Altmetric
2018	The Bionic Bra: Using electromaterials to sense and modify breast support to enhance active living Published In Journal Of Rehabilitation And Assistive Technologies Engineering Volume 5 Pages 1 - 9 Altmetric
2018	The three-dimensional shapes of underground coal miners’ feet do not match the internal dimensions of their work boots Published In Ergonomics: an international journal of research and practice in human factors and ergonomics Volume 61 Pages 588 - 602 ISSN 1366-5847 Altmetric
2018	Understanding successful and unsuccessful landings of aerial maneuver variations in professional surfing Published In Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports Volume 28 Pages 1615 - 1624 ISSN 0905-7188 Altmetric
2018	Upper torso pain and musculoskeletal structure and function in women with and without large breasts: A cross sectional study Published In Clinical Biomechanics Volume 51 Pages 99 - 104 ISSN 0268-0033 Altmetric
2018	Which Bra Components Contribute to Incorrect Bra Fit in Women Across a Range of Breast Sizes? Published In Clothing and Textiles Research Journal Volume 36 Pages 78 - 90 Altmetric
2017	Additive Manufacturing, Modeling and Performance Evaluation of 3D Printed Fins for Surfboards Published In MRS Advances Volume 2 Pages 913 - 920 Altmetric
2017	Asymptomatic players with a patellar tendon abnormality do not adapt their landing mechanics when fatigued Published In Journal of Sports Sciences Volume 35 Pages 769 - 776 ISSN 0264-0414 Altmetric
2017	Breast volume is affected by body mass index but not age Published In Ergonomics: an international journal of research and practice in human factors and ergonomics Volume 60 Pages 1576 - 1585 ISSN 1366-5847 Altmetric
2017	Effect of work boot type on work footwear habits, lower limb pain and perceptions of work boot fit and comfort in underground coal miners Published In Applied Ergonomics: human factors in technology and society Volume 60 Pages 146 - 153 ISSN 0003-6870 Altmetric
2017	Higher anterior knee laxity influences the landing biomechanics displayed by pubescent girls Published In Journal of Sports Sciences Volume 35 Pages 159 - 165 ISSN 0264-0414 Altmetric
2017	How do we fit underground coal mining work boots? Published In Footwear Science Volume 9 Pages S77 - S79 ISSN 1942-4280 Altmetric
2017	Scoring Analysis of Manoeuvres Performed in Elite Male Professional Surfing Competitions Published In International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance Volume 12 Pages 1243 - 1248 ISSN 1555-0265 Altmetric
2017	Surfing the 3D printing wave: the changing face of surfboard fin production Published In The Conversation Volume 16 June Pages 1 - 5
2017	Three-dimensional scanning in women with large, ptotic breasts: implications for bra cup sizing and design Published In Ergonomics: an international journal of research and practice in human factors and ergonomics Volume 60 Pages 439 - 445 ISSN 1366-5847 Altmetric
2017	Work boot design affects the way workers walk: A systematic review of the literature Published In Applied Ergonomics: human factors in technology and society Volume 61 Pages 53 - 68 ISSN 0003-6870 Altmetric
2016	Does participation in a physical activity program impact upon the feet of overweight and obese children? Published In Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Volume 19 Pages 51 - 55 ISSN 1440-2440 Altmetric
2016	Effect of aging on breast skin thickness and elasticity: Implications for breast support Published In Skin Research and Technology Volume Online First Pages 1 - 9 ISSN 1600-0846 Altmetric
2016	Effect of sports bra type and gait speed on breast discomfort, bra discomfort and perceived breast movement in Chinese women Published In Ergonomics: an international journal of research and practice in human factors and ergonomics Volume 59 Pages 130 - 142 ISSN 1366-5847 Altmetric
2016	Efficacy of a progressive resistance exercise program to increase toe flexor strength in older people Published In Clinical Biomechanics Volume 40 Pages 14 - 19 ISSN 0268-0033 Altmetric
2016	How young girls change their landing technique throughout the adolescent growth spurt Published In American Journal of Sports Medicine Volume 44 Pages 1116 - 1123 ISSN 0363-5465 Altmetric
2015	Bra strap orientations and designs to minimise bra strap discomfort and pressure during sport and exercise in women with large breasts Published In Sports Medicine Volume 1 Pages 21-1 - 21-8 ISSN 1179-2035 Altmetric
2015	Development and evaluation of a simple, multifactorial model based on landing performance to indicate injury risk in surfing athletes Published In International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance Volume 10 Pages 1029 - 1035 ISSN 1555-0265 Altmetric
2015	Effect of underground coal mining work boot preference on boot satisfaction and discomfort Published In Footwear Science Volume 7 Pages S45 - S46 ISSN 1942-4280 Altmetric
2015	Effects of wearing gumboots and leather lace-up boots on lower limb muscle activity when walking on simulated underground coal mine surfaces Published In Applied Ergonomics: human factors in technology and society Volume 49 Pages 34 - 40 ISSN 0003-6870 Altmetric
2015	Lower activity levels are related to higher plantar pressures in overweight children Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 47 Pages 357 - 362 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2015	Obese older adults suffer foot pain and foot-related functional limitation Published In Gait and Posture Volume 42 Pages 442 - 447 ISSN 0966-6362 Altmetric
2015	Previously identified patellar tendinopathy risk factors differ between elite and sub-elite volleyball players Published In Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports Volume 25 Pages 308 - 314 ISSN 0905-7188 Altmetric
2015	Variations in jump height explain the between-sex difference in patellar tendon loading during landing Published In Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports Volume 25 Pages 265 - 272 ISSN 0905-7188 Altmetric
2014	Alterations to landing technique and patellar tendon loading in response to fatigue Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 46 Pages 330 - 340 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2014	Can technique modification training reduce knee moments in a landing task? Published In Journal of Applied Biomechanics Volume 30 Pages 231 - 236 ISSN 1065-8483 Altmetric
2014	Evidence-based guidelines for breast support during physical activity for women with large breasts Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 46 Pages 806 - 806 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2014	Evidence-based recommendations for building better bras for women treated for breast cancer Published In Ergonomics: an international journal of research and practice in human factors and ergonomics Volume 57 Pages 774 - 786 ISSN 1366-5847 Altmetric
2014	Exercise bra discomfort is associated with insufficient exercise levels among Australian women treated for breast cancer Published In Supportive Care in Cancer Volume 22 Pages 721 - 729 ISSN 0941-4355 Altmetric
2014	Perceived exercise barriers explain exercise participation in Australian women treated for breast cancer better than perceived exercise benefits Published In Physical Therapy Volume 94 Pages 1765 - 1774 ISSN 0031-9023 Altmetric
2014	Sex differences in neuromuscular recruitment are not related to patellar tendon load Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 46 Pages 1410 - 1416 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2013	Bra-breast forces generated in women with large breasts while standing and during treadmill running: implications for sports bra design Published In Applied Ergonomics: human factors in technology and society Volume 44 Pages 112 - 118 ISSN 0003-6870 Altmetric
2013	Effects of age on strength of the toe flexor muscles Published In Footwear Science Volume 5 Pages S57 - S58 ISSN 1942-4280 Altmetric
2013	Effects of strap cushions and strap orientation on comfort and sports bra performance Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 45 Pages 1113 - 1119 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2013	Insufficient hamstring strength compromises landing technique in adolescent girls Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 45 Pages 497 - 505 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2013	Musculoskeletal and estrogen changes during the adolescent growth spurt in girls Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 45 Pages 138 - 145 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2013	Passive dorsiflexion stiffness is poorly correlated with passive dorsiflexion range of motion Published In Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Volume 16 Pages 157 - 161 ISSN 1440-2440 Altmetric
2013	Polypyrrole stretchable actuators Published In Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics Volume 51 Pages 57 - 63 ISSN 0887-6266 Altmetric
2013	Predicting the patellar tendon force generated when landing from a jump Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 45 Pages 927 - 934 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2013	Reliability of ultrasound to measure morphology of the toe flexor muscles Published In Journal of Foot and Ankle Research Volume 6 Pages 12-1 - 12-6 ISSN 1757-1146 Altmetric
2013	Self-reported side effects of breast cancer treatment: a cross-sectional study of incidence, associations, and the influence of exercise Published In Cancer Causes and Control Volume 24 Pages 517 - 528 ISSN 0957-5243 Altmetric
2012	Characterizing patellar tendon loading during the landing phases of a stop-jump task Published In Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports Volume 22 Pages 2 - 11 ISSN 0905-7188 Altmetric
2012	Does higher anterior knee joint laxity alter landing biomechanics in pubescent girls? Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 44 Pages 626 - 626 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2012	Does load position affect gait and subjective responses of females during load carriage? Published In Applied Ergonomics: human factors in technology and society Volume 43 Pages 479 - 485 ISSN 0003-6870 Altmetric
2012	Effects of a physical activity program on plantar pressures in overweight and obese children: RCT findings at 12 months follow-up Published In Obesity Research and Clinical Practice Volume 6 Pages 76 - 76 ISSN 1871-403X Altmetric
2012	Effects of passive ankle dorsiflexion stiffness on ankle mechanics during drop landings Published In Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Volume 15 Pages 468 - 473 ISSN 1440-2440 Altmetric
2012	Effects of prolonged load carriage on ground reaction forces, lower limb kinematics and spatio-temporal parameters in female recreational hikers Published In Ergonomics: an international journal of research and practice in human factors and ergonomics Volume 55 Pages 316 - 326 ISSN 1366-5847 Altmetric
2012	Features of sports bras that deter their use by Australian women Published In Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Volume 15 Pages 195 - 200 ISSN 1440-2440 Altmetric
2012	Lower limb movement symmetry cannot be assumed when investigating the stop-jump landing Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 44 Pages 1123 - 1130 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2012	Proficiency deficiency: mastery of fundamental movement skills and skill components in overweight and obese children Published In Obesity Volume 20 Pages 1024 - 1033 ISSN 1930-7381 Altmetric
2012	Reliability of ultrasound to measure morphology of the toe flexor muscles Published In Journal of Foot and Ankle Research Volume 5 Pages O38 - O38 ISSN 1757-1146 Altmetric
2012	Risk of musculoskeletal injury among cleaners during vacuuming Published In Ergonomics: an international journal of research and practice in human factors and ergonomics Volume 55 Pages 237 - 247 ISSN 1366-5847 Altmetric
2012	Whole body kinematics and knee moments that occur during an overhead catch and landing task in sport Published In Clinical Biomechanics Volume 27 Pages 466 - 474 ISSN 0268-0033 Altmetric
2012	Why do girls sustain more anterior cruciate ligament injuries than boys? A review of the changes in oestrogen and musculoskeletal structure and function during puberty Published In SA Sports Medicine Volume 42 Pages 733 - 749 ISSN 1015-5163 Altmetric
2011	Are the feet of obese children fat or flat? Revisiting the debate Published In International Journal of Obesity Volume 35 Pages 115 - 120 ISSN 0307-0565 Altmetric
2011	Backpack load affects lower limb muscle activity patterns of female hikers during prolonged load carriage Published In Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology Volume 21 Pages 782 - 788 ISSN 1050-6411 Altmetric
2011	Benefits and barriers to exercise for women living with a breast cancer diagnosis Published In European Journal of Cancer Volume 47 Pages S300 - S300 ISSN 0959-8049 Altmetric
2011	Breast volume and bra size Published In International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology Volume 23 Pages 351 - 360 ISSN 0955-6222 Altmetric
2011	Can flexible shoes improve function in the older foot? Published In Footwear Science Volume 3 Pages S116 - S117 ISSN 1942-4280 Altmetric
2011	Cross-sectional analysis of foot function, functional ability, and health-related quality of life in older people with disabling foot pain Published In Arthritis Care and Research Volume 63 Pages 1592 - 1598 ISSN 2151-464X Altmetric
2011	Dorsiflexion capacity affects achilles tendon loading during drop landings Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 43 Pages 706 - 713 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2011	Effect of load mass on posture, heart rate and subjective responses of recreational female hikers to prolonged load carriage Published In Applied Ergonomics: human factors in technology and society Volume 42 Pages 403 - 410 ISSN 0003-6870 Altmetric
2011	Foot structure in obese children: Implications for footwear design Published In Obesity Research and Clinical Practice Volume 5 Pages 36 - 36 ISSN 1871-403X Altmetric
2011	Gait, balance and plantar pressures in older people with toe deformities Published In Gait and Posture Volume 34 Pages 347 - 351 ISSN 0966-6362 Altmetric
2011	Gender and age affect balance performance in primary school-aged children Published In Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Volume 14 Pages 243 - 248 ISSN 1440-2440 Altmetric
2011	Is foot pain influenced by shoe-wearing habits in older people? Published In Footwear Science Volume 3 Pages S106 - S108 ISSN 1942-4280 Altmetric
2011	Medial midfoot fat pad thickness and plantar pressures: are these related in children? Published In Pediatric Obesity Volume 6 Pages 261 - 266 ISSN 1747-7166 Altmetric
2011	Movement skills and physical activity in obese children: randomized controlled trial Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 43 Pages 90 - 100 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2011	Parent diet modification, child activity, or both in obese children: An RCT Published In Pediatrics Volume 127 Pages 619 - 627 ISSN 0031-4005 Altmetric
2011	Relationship between plantar pressures, physical activity and sedentariness among preschool children Published In Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Volume 14 Pages 36 - 41 ISSN 1440-2440 Altmetric
2011	Soft tissue thickness under the metatarsal heads is reduced in older people with toe deformities Published In Journal of Orthopaedic Research Volume 29 Pages 1042 - 1046 ISSN 0736-0266 Altmetric
2011	Step time variability and pelvis acceleration patterns in younger and older adults: effects of footwear and surface conditions Published In Research in Sports Medicine Volume 19 Pages 28 - 41 ISSN 1543-8627 Altmetric
2010	Breast elevation and compression decrease exercise-induced breast discomfort Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 42 Pages 1333 - 1338 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2010	Different measures of plantar-flexor flexibility and their effects on landing technique: implications for injury Published In Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Volume 13 Pages e48 - e48 ISSN 1440-2440 Altmetric
2010	Does a drop landing represent a whole skill landing and is this moderated by fatigue? Published In Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports Volume 20 Pages 516 - 523 ISSN 0905-7188 Altmetric
2010	Education improves bra knowledge and fit, and level of breast support in adolescent female athletes: a cluster-randomised trial Published In Journal of Physiotherapy Volume 56 Pages 19 - 24 ISSN 0004-9514 Altmetric
2010	Effects of high and low breast support on breast kinematics and kinetics during treadmill running Published In Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Volume 12 Pages e143 - e143 ISSN 1440-2440 Altmetric
2010	Foot pain, plantar pressures, and falls in older people: a prospective study Published In Journal of the American Geriatrics Society Volume 58 Pages 1936 - 1940 ISSN 0002-8614 Altmetric
2010	Foot shape of older people: implications for shoe design Published In Footwear Science Volume 2 Pages 131 - 139 ISSN 1942-4280 Altmetric

Investigator On

Year	Title
2015 - 2016	Characterisation of lower leg muscle morphology and function: Implications for medial tibial stress syndrome Awarded by: Australian Podiatry Education and Research Foundation Funding Scheme: Research Grant
2014	ABC9 Under the Escarpment: Uncovering Biomechanics in the Illawarra Awarded by: NSW Department of Trade and Investment Funding Scheme: Research Attraction and Acceleration Program
2011 - 2014	Controlling lymphoedema in an intelligent fashion Awarded by: National Breast Cancer Foundation Funding Scheme: Concept Award
2012	Improving footwear for underground coalminers Awarded by: Coal Services Health and Safety Trust Funding Scheme: General Grants
2010 - 2012	Building better bras for women living with a diagnosis of breast cancer Awarded by: National Breast Cancer Foundation Funding Scheme: Research Grant
2011	Training of Dietitians Awarded by: HealthWorkforce Australia Funding Scheme: Clinical Training Funding
2010	Do gender differences in cutting technique really exist? Implications for ACL injury prevention. Awarded by: NSW Sporting Injuries Committee Funding Scheme: Research Grant
2007	Carrick Institute Citation Awards for Outstanding Contributions to Student Learning Awarded by: Carrick Institute Funding Scheme: Award
2007	Pliance Pressure Distribution System Calibration Device Awarded by: National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Funding Scheme: Equipment Grant
2007	Preventing ankle injuries in sport: How do musculotendinous properties of the calf muscles affect drop landing performance and are these properties moderated by training? Awarded by: NSW Sporting Injuries Committee Funding Scheme: Grant

Impact Story

3D printed fins for surfboards: finding the right flow
Summary
Engagement with media and working with industry

Detail View

Detail View Summary View
Detail of Impact
Our work on 3D printed resulted in a lot of media exposure for research at the University of Wollongong
Field of Research
Countries / Regions
Beneficiaries

Beneficiary Quantification Description
External Partners
Evidence of Impact

Evidence Description
UOW Centres / Programs
UOW Researchers / Collaborators

Advisees

Graduate Advising Relationship

Degree	Research Title	Advisee
Doctor of Philosophy	Materials in Soft Robotics
Doctor of Philosophy	Effects of Neuromuscular Training on Lower Limb Biomechanics When Performing an Aerial Task in Surfing	Forsyth, James
Doctor of Philosophy	Improving footwear for netball players.	Kirk, Maddison
Doctor of Philosophy	The Effect of Postural Constraints on Joint Loading During Drop Landings	Cooper, Jarred
Doctor of Philosophy	Characterisation of lower leg muscle morphology and function: Implications for medial tibial stress syndrome	Mattock, Joshua

Orcid Id

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2089-406X (pending confirmation)

Research Areas

Research Overview

Over the past 37+ years, my research has focused on developing innovative strategies, based on applied biomechanics, to decrease injury potential and optimise quality of life for individuals across the age spectrum. My original research focused on mechanisms of lower limb injuries during dynamic landings, as well as the effects of obesity, ageing and occupational loading on lower limb structure and function with implications for footwear design. However, my current research interests also include developing wearable technologies to enhance health andbreast health biomechanics. I have been privileged to receive the 2005 NSW Telstra Business Woman of the Year. A current member of the World Council of Biomechanics, I have had the honour of serving on the Executive Council of several national and international professional associations, including being the first Australian President of the International Society of Biomechanics. I was recently appointed a Member (AM) of the Order of Australia (General Division), for significant service to science in the field of biomechanics, to higher education, and to professional associations.

Selected Publications

Journal Article

Year	Title
2020	Breast Biomechanics: What Do We Really Know? Published In Physiology Volume 35 Pages 144 - 156 ISSN 1548-9213 Altmetric
2020	Breast and torso characteristics of female contact football players: implications for the design of sports bras and breast protection Published In Ergonomics Altmetric
2020	Breast pain affects the performance of elite female athletes Published In Journal of Sports Sciences Altmetric
2020	Effect of external breast prosthesis mass on bra strap loading and discomfort in women with a unilateral mastectomy Published In Clinical Biomechanics Volume 73 Pages 86 - 91 Altmetric
2020	Effect of shaft stiffness and sole flexibility on perceived comfort and the plantar pressures generated when walking on a simulated underground coal mining surface Published In Applied Ergonomics Volume 84 Altmetric
2020	Experimental evaluation and analytical model of the pressure generated by elastic compression garments on a deformable human limb analogue Published In Medical Engineering and Physics Altmetric
2020	Physical side-effects following breast reconstructive surgery impact physical activity and function Published In Supportive Care in Cancer Altmetric
2020	Training for success: Do simulated aerial landings replicate successful aerial landings performed in the ocean? Published In Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports Altmetric
2019	Breast injuries reported by female contact football players based on football code, player position and competition level Published In Science and Medicine in Football Altmetric
2019	Breast pain and sports bra usage reported by Chinese women: Why sports bra education programs are needed in China Published In Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe Volume 27 Pages 17 - 22 Altmetric
2019	Does breast size affect how women participate in physical activity? Published In Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Volume 22 Pages 324 - 329 ISSN 1440-2440 Altmetric
2019	Effect of work boot shaft stiffness and sole flexibility on lower limb muscle activity and ankle alignment at initial foot-ground contact when walking on simulated coal mining surfaces: Implications for reducing slip risk Published In Applied Ergonomics: human factors in technology and society Volume 81 Pages 102903-1 - 102903-10 ISSN 0003-6870 Altmetric
2019	Effects of obesity on breast size, thoracic spine structure and function, upper torso musculoskeletal pain and physical activity in women Published In Journal of Sport and Health Science Volume Online First Pages 1 - 9 Altmetric
2019	Rescheduling Part 2 of the 11+ reduces injury burden and increases compliance in semi-professional football Published In Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports Volume 29 Pages 1941 - 1951 ISSN 0905-7188 Altmetric
2019	The "forgotten footwear": developing occupational footwear for underground coal miners Published In Footwear Science Volume 11 Pages S5 - S6 ISSN 1942-4280 Altmetric
2019	The occurrence, causes and perceived performance effects of breast injuries in elite female athletes Published In Journal of Sports Science and Medicine Volume 18 Pages 569 - 576 ISSN 1303-2968
2018	A protocol to prospectively assess risk factors for medial tibial stress syndrome in distance runners Published In BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 10 Pages 20-1 - 20-10 Altmetric
2018	Are underground coal miners satisfied with their work boots? Published In Applied Ergonomics: human factors in technology and society Volume 66 Pages 98 - 104 ISSN 0003-6870 Altmetric
2018	Bra band size measurements derived from three-dimensional scans are not accurate in women with large, ptotic breasts Published In Ergonomics: an international journal of research and practice in human factors and ergonomics Volume 61 Pages 464 - 472 ISSN 1366-5847 Altmetric
2018	Can breast characteristics predict upper torso musculoskeletal pain? Published In Clinical Biomechanics Volume 53 Pages 46 - 53 ISSN 0268-0033 Altmetric
2018	Effects of age and body mass index on breast characteristics: a cluster analysis Published In Ergonomics: an international journal of research and practice in human factors and ergonomics Volume 61 Pages 1232 - 1245 ISSN 1366-5847 Altmetric
2018	Effects of wearing gumboots and leather lace-up work boots on plantar loading when walking on a simulated underground coal mine surface Published In Footwear Science Volume Online First Pages 1 - 10 ISSN 1942-4280 Altmetric
2018	How do we fit underground coal mining work boots? Published In Ergonomics: an international journal of research and practice in human factors and ergonomics Volume Online First Pages 1 - 11 ISSN 1366-5847 Altmetric
2018	The Bionic Bra: Using electromaterials to sense and modify breast support to enhance active living Published In Journal Of Rehabilitation And Assistive Technologies Engineering Volume 5 Pages 1 - 9 Altmetric
2018	The three-dimensional shapes of underground coal miners’ feet do not match the internal dimensions of their work boots Published In Ergonomics: an international journal of research and practice in human factors and ergonomics Volume 61 Pages 588 - 602 ISSN 1366-5847 Altmetric
2018	Understanding successful and unsuccessful landings of aerial maneuver variations in professional surfing Published In Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports Volume 28 Pages 1615 - 1624 ISSN 0905-7188 Altmetric
2018	Upper torso pain and musculoskeletal structure and function in women with and without large breasts: A cross sectional study Published In Clinical Biomechanics Volume 51 Pages 99 - 104 ISSN 0268-0033 Altmetric
2018	Which Bra Components Contribute to Incorrect Bra Fit in Women Across a Range of Breast Sizes? Published In Clothing and Textiles Research Journal Volume 36 Pages 78 - 90 Altmetric
2017	Additive Manufacturing, Modeling and Performance Evaluation of 3D Printed Fins for Surfboards Published In MRS Advances Volume 2 Pages 913 - 920 Altmetric
2017	Asymptomatic players with a patellar tendon abnormality do not adapt their landing mechanics when fatigued Published In Journal of Sports Sciences Volume 35 Pages 769 - 776 ISSN 0264-0414 Altmetric
2017	Breast volume is affected by body mass index but not age Published In Ergonomics: an international journal of research and practice in human factors and ergonomics Volume 60 Pages 1576 - 1585 ISSN 1366-5847 Altmetric
2017	Effect of work boot type on work footwear habits, lower limb pain and perceptions of work boot fit and comfort in underground coal miners Published In Applied Ergonomics: human factors in technology and society Volume 60 Pages 146 - 153 ISSN 0003-6870 Altmetric
2017	Higher anterior knee laxity influences the landing biomechanics displayed by pubescent girls Published In Journal of Sports Sciences Volume 35 Pages 159 - 165 ISSN 0264-0414 Altmetric
2017	How do we fit underground coal mining work boots? Published In Footwear Science Volume 9 Pages S77 - S79 ISSN 1942-4280 Altmetric
2017	Scoring Analysis of Manoeuvres Performed in Elite Male Professional Surfing Competitions Published In International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance Volume 12 Pages 1243 - 1248 ISSN 1555-0265 Altmetric
2017	Surfing the 3D printing wave: the changing face of surfboard fin production Published In The Conversation Volume 16 June Pages 1 - 5
2017	Three-dimensional scanning in women with large, ptotic breasts: implications for bra cup sizing and design Published In Ergonomics: an international journal of research and practice in human factors and ergonomics Volume 60 Pages 439 - 445 ISSN 1366-5847 Altmetric
2017	Work boot design affects the way workers walk: A systematic review of the literature Published In Applied Ergonomics: human factors in technology and society Volume 61 Pages 53 - 68 ISSN 0003-6870 Altmetric
2016	Does participation in a physical activity program impact upon the feet of overweight and obese children? Published In Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Volume 19 Pages 51 - 55 ISSN 1440-2440 Altmetric
2016	Effect of aging on breast skin thickness and elasticity: Implications for breast support Published In Skin Research and Technology Volume Online First Pages 1 - 9 ISSN 1600-0846 Altmetric
2016	Effect of sports bra type and gait speed on breast discomfort, bra discomfort and perceived breast movement in Chinese women Published In Ergonomics: an international journal of research and practice in human factors and ergonomics Volume 59 Pages 130 - 142 ISSN 1366-5847 Altmetric
2016	Efficacy of a progressive resistance exercise program to increase toe flexor strength in older people Published In Clinical Biomechanics Volume 40 Pages 14 - 19 ISSN 0268-0033 Altmetric
2016	How young girls change their landing technique throughout the adolescent growth spurt Published In American Journal of Sports Medicine Volume 44 Pages 1116 - 1123 ISSN 0363-5465 Altmetric
2015	Bra strap orientations and designs to minimise bra strap discomfort and pressure during sport and exercise in women with large breasts Published In Sports Medicine Volume 1 Pages 21-1 - 21-8 ISSN 1179-2035 Altmetric
2015	Development and evaluation of a simple, multifactorial model based on landing performance to indicate injury risk in surfing athletes Published In International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance Volume 10 Pages 1029 - 1035 ISSN 1555-0265 Altmetric
2015	Effect of underground coal mining work boot preference on boot satisfaction and discomfort Published In Footwear Science Volume 7 Pages S45 - S46 ISSN 1942-4280 Altmetric
2015	Effects of wearing gumboots and leather lace-up boots on lower limb muscle activity when walking on simulated underground coal mine surfaces Published In Applied Ergonomics: human factors in technology and society Volume 49 Pages 34 - 40 ISSN 0003-6870 Altmetric
2015	Lower activity levels are related to higher plantar pressures in overweight children Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 47 Pages 357 - 362 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2015	Obese older adults suffer foot pain and foot-related functional limitation Published In Gait and Posture Volume 42 Pages 442 - 447 ISSN 0966-6362 Altmetric
2015	Previously identified patellar tendinopathy risk factors differ between elite and sub-elite volleyball players Published In Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports Volume 25 Pages 308 - 314 ISSN 0905-7188 Altmetric
2015	Variations in jump height explain the between-sex difference in patellar tendon loading during landing Published In Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports Volume 25 Pages 265 - 272 ISSN 0905-7188 Altmetric
2014	Alterations to landing technique and patellar tendon loading in response to fatigue Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 46 Pages 330 - 340 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2014	Can technique modification training reduce knee moments in a landing task? Published In Journal of Applied Biomechanics Volume 30 Pages 231 - 236 ISSN 1065-8483 Altmetric
2014	Evidence-based guidelines for breast support during physical activity for women with large breasts Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 46 Pages 806 - 806 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2014	Evidence-based recommendations for building better bras for women treated for breast cancer Published In Ergonomics: an international journal of research and practice in human factors and ergonomics Volume 57 Pages 774 - 786 ISSN 1366-5847 Altmetric
2014	Exercise bra discomfort is associated with insufficient exercise levels among Australian women treated for breast cancer Published In Supportive Care in Cancer Volume 22 Pages 721 - 729 ISSN 0941-4355 Altmetric
2014	Perceived exercise barriers explain exercise participation in Australian women treated for breast cancer better than perceived exercise benefits Published In Physical Therapy Volume 94 Pages 1765 - 1774 ISSN 0031-9023 Altmetric
2014	Sex differences in neuromuscular recruitment are not related to patellar tendon load Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 46 Pages 1410 - 1416 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2013	Bra-breast forces generated in women with large breasts while standing and during treadmill running: implications for sports bra design Published In Applied Ergonomics: human factors in technology and society Volume 44 Pages 112 - 118 ISSN 0003-6870 Altmetric
2013	Effects of age on strength of the toe flexor muscles Published In Footwear Science Volume 5 Pages S57 - S58 ISSN 1942-4280 Altmetric
2013	Effects of strap cushions and strap orientation on comfort and sports bra performance Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 45 Pages 1113 - 1119 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2013	Insufficient hamstring strength compromises landing technique in adolescent girls Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 45 Pages 497 - 505 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2013	Musculoskeletal and estrogen changes during the adolescent growth spurt in girls Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 45 Pages 138 - 145 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2013	Passive dorsiflexion stiffness is poorly correlated with passive dorsiflexion range of motion Published In Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Volume 16 Pages 157 - 161 ISSN 1440-2440 Altmetric
2013	Polypyrrole stretchable actuators Published In Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics Volume 51 Pages 57 - 63 ISSN 0887-6266 Altmetric
2013	Predicting the patellar tendon force generated when landing from a jump Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 45 Pages 927 - 934 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2013	Reliability of ultrasound to measure morphology of the toe flexor muscles Published In Journal of Foot and Ankle Research Volume 6 Pages 12-1 - 12-6 ISSN 1757-1146 Altmetric
2013	Self-reported side effects of breast cancer treatment: a cross-sectional study of incidence, associations, and the influence of exercise Published In Cancer Causes and Control Volume 24 Pages 517 - 528 ISSN 0957-5243 Altmetric
2012	Characterizing patellar tendon loading during the landing phases of a stop-jump task Published In Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports Volume 22 Pages 2 - 11 ISSN 0905-7188 Altmetric
2012	Does higher anterior knee joint laxity alter landing biomechanics in pubescent girls? Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 44 Pages 626 - 626 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2012	Does load position affect gait and subjective responses of females during load carriage? Published In Applied Ergonomics: human factors in technology and society Volume 43 Pages 479 - 485 ISSN 0003-6870 Altmetric
2012	Effects of a physical activity program on plantar pressures in overweight and obese children: RCT findings at 12 months follow-up Published In Obesity Research and Clinical Practice Volume 6 Pages 76 - 76 ISSN 1871-403X Altmetric
2012	Effects of passive ankle dorsiflexion stiffness on ankle mechanics during drop landings Published In Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Volume 15 Pages 468 - 473 ISSN 1440-2440 Altmetric
2012	Effects of prolonged load carriage on ground reaction forces, lower limb kinematics and spatio-temporal parameters in female recreational hikers Published In Ergonomics: an international journal of research and practice in human factors and ergonomics Volume 55 Pages 316 - 326 ISSN 1366-5847 Altmetric
2012	Features of sports bras that deter their use by Australian women Published In Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Volume 15 Pages 195 - 200 ISSN 1440-2440 Altmetric
2012	Lower limb movement symmetry cannot be assumed when investigating the stop-jump landing Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 44 Pages 1123 - 1130 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2012	Proficiency deficiency: mastery of fundamental movement skills and skill components in overweight and obese children Published In Obesity Volume 20 Pages 1024 - 1033 ISSN 1930-7381 Altmetric
2012	Reliability of ultrasound to measure morphology of the toe flexor muscles Published In Journal of Foot and Ankle Research Volume 5 Pages O38 - O38 ISSN 1757-1146 Altmetric
2012	Risk of musculoskeletal injury among cleaners during vacuuming Published In Ergonomics: an international journal of research and practice in human factors and ergonomics Volume 55 Pages 237 - 247 ISSN 1366-5847 Altmetric
2012	Whole body kinematics and knee moments that occur during an overhead catch and landing task in sport Published In Clinical Biomechanics Volume 27 Pages 466 - 474 ISSN 0268-0033 Altmetric
2012	Why do girls sustain more anterior cruciate ligament injuries than boys? A review of the changes in oestrogen and musculoskeletal structure and function during puberty Published In SA Sports Medicine Volume 42 Pages 733 - 749 ISSN 1015-5163 Altmetric
2011	Are the feet of obese children fat or flat? Revisiting the debate Published In International Journal of Obesity Volume 35 Pages 115 - 120 ISSN 0307-0565 Altmetric
2011	Backpack load affects lower limb muscle activity patterns of female hikers during prolonged load carriage Published In Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology Volume 21 Pages 782 - 788 ISSN 1050-6411 Altmetric
2011	Benefits and barriers to exercise for women living with a breast cancer diagnosis Published In European Journal of Cancer Volume 47 Pages S300 - S300 ISSN 0959-8049 Altmetric
2011	Breast volume and bra size Published In International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology Volume 23 Pages 351 - 360 ISSN 0955-6222 Altmetric
2011	Can flexible shoes improve function in the older foot? Published In Footwear Science Volume 3 Pages S116 - S117 ISSN 1942-4280 Altmetric
2011	Cross-sectional analysis of foot function, functional ability, and health-related quality of life in older people with disabling foot pain Published In Arthritis Care and Research Volume 63 Pages 1592 - 1598 ISSN 2151-464X Altmetric
2011	Dorsiflexion capacity affects achilles tendon loading during drop landings Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 43 Pages 706 - 713 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2011	Effect of load mass on posture, heart rate and subjective responses of recreational female hikers to prolonged load carriage Published In Applied Ergonomics: human factors in technology and society Volume 42 Pages 403 - 410 ISSN 0003-6870 Altmetric
2011	Foot structure in obese children: Implications for footwear design Published In Obesity Research and Clinical Practice Volume 5 Pages 36 - 36 ISSN 1871-403X Altmetric
2011	Gait, balance and plantar pressures in older people with toe deformities Published In Gait and Posture Volume 34 Pages 347 - 351 ISSN 0966-6362 Altmetric
2011	Gender and age affect balance performance in primary school-aged children Published In Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Volume 14 Pages 243 - 248 ISSN 1440-2440 Altmetric
2011	Is foot pain influenced by shoe-wearing habits in older people? Published In Footwear Science Volume 3 Pages S106 - S108 ISSN 1942-4280 Altmetric
2011	Medial midfoot fat pad thickness and plantar pressures: are these related in children? Published In Pediatric Obesity Volume 6 Pages 261 - 266 ISSN 1747-7166 Altmetric
2011	Movement skills and physical activity in obese children: randomized controlled trial Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 43 Pages 90 - 100 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2011	Parent diet modification, child activity, or both in obese children: An RCT Published In Pediatrics Volume 127 Pages 619 - 627 ISSN 0031-4005 Altmetric
2011	Relationship between plantar pressures, physical activity and sedentariness among preschool children Published In Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Volume 14 Pages 36 - 41 ISSN 1440-2440 Altmetric
2011	Soft tissue thickness under the metatarsal heads is reduced in older people with toe deformities Published In Journal of Orthopaedic Research Volume 29 Pages 1042 - 1046 ISSN 0736-0266 Altmetric
2011	Step time variability and pelvis acceleration patterns in younger and older adults: effects of footwear and surface conditions Published In Research in Sports Medicine Volume 19 Pages 28 - 41 ISSN 1543-8627 Altmetric
2010	Breast elevation and compression decrease exercise-induced breast discomfort Published In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Volume 42 Pages 1333 - 1338 ISSN 0195-9131 Altmetric
2010	Different measures of plantar-flexor flexibility and their effects on landing technique: implications for injury Published In Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Volume 13 Pages e48 - e48 ISSN 1440-2440 Altmetric
2010	Does a drop landing represent a whole skill landing and is this moderated by fatigue? Published In Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports Volume 20 Pages 516 - 523 ISSN 0905-7188 Altmetric
2010	Education improves bra knowledge and fit, and level of breast support in adolescent female athletes: a cluster-randomised trial Published In Journal of Physiotherapy Volume 56 Pages 19 - 24 ISSN 0004-9514 Altmetric
2010	Effects of high and low breast support on breast kinematics and kinetics during treadmill running Published In Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Volume 12 Pages e143 - e143 ISSN 1440-2440 Altmetric
2010	Foot pain, plantar pressures, and falls in older people: a prospective study Published In Journal of the American Geriatrics Society Volume 58 Pages 1936 - 1940 ISSN 0002-8614 Altmetric
2010	Foot shape of older people: implications for shoe design Published In Footwear Science Volume 2 Pages 131 - 139 ISSN 1942-4280 Altmetric

Investigator On

Year	Title
2015 - 2016	Characterisation of lower leg muscle morphology and function: Implications for medial tibial stress syndrome Awarded by: Australian Podiatry Education and Research Foundation Funding Scheme: Research Grant
2014	ABC9 Under the Escarpment: Uncovering Biomechanics in the Illawarra Awarded by: NSW Department of Trade and Investment Funding Scheme: Research Attraction and Acceleration Program
2011 - 2014	Controlling lymphoedema in an intelligent fashion Awarded by: National Breast Cancer Foundation Funding Scheme: Concept Award
2012	Improving footwear for underground coalminers Awarded by: Coal Services Health and Safety Trust Funding Scheme: General Grants
2010 - 2012	Building better bras for women living with a diagnosis of breast cancer Awarded by: National Breast Cancer Foundation Funding Scheme: Research Grant
2011	Training of Dietitians Awarded by: HealthWorkforce Australia Funding Scheme: Clinical Training Funding
2010	Do gender differences in cutting technique really exist? Implications for ACL injury prevention. Awarded by: NSW Sporting Injuries Committee Funding Scheme: Research Grant
2007	Carrick Institute Citation Awards for Outstanding Contributions to Student Learning Awarded by: Carrick Institute Funding Scheme: Award
2007	Pliance Pressure Distribution System Calibration Device Awarded by: National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Funding Scheme: Equipment Grant
2007	Preventing ankle injuries in sport: How do musculotendinous properties of the calf muscles affect drop landing performance and are these properties moderated by training? Awarded by: NSW Sporting Injuries Committee Funding Scheme: Grant

Impact Story

3D printed fins for surfboards: finding the right flow
Summary
Engagement with media and working with industry

Detail View

Detail View Summary View
Detail of Impact
Our work on 3D printed resulted in a lot of media exposure for research at the University of Wollongong
Field of Research
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Beneficiary Quantification Description
External Partners
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Evidence Description
UOW Centres / Programs
UOW Researchers / Collaborators

Advisees

Graduate Advising Relationship

Degree	Research Title	Advisee
Doctor of Philosophy	Materials in Soft Robotics
Doctor of Philosophy	Effects of Neuromuscular Training on Lower Limb Biomechanics When Performing an Aerial Task in Surfing	Forsyth, James
Doctor of Philosophy	Improving footwear for netball players.	Kirk, Maddison
Doctor of Philosophy	The Effect of Postural Constraints on Joint Loading During Drop Landings	Cooper, Jarred
Doctor of Philosophy	Characterisation of lower leg muscle morphology and function: Implications for medial tibial stress syndrome	Mattock, Joshua

Orcid Id

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2089-406X (pending confirmation)

Steele, Julie R. Senior Professor

Director, Biomechanics Research Laboratory

Overview

Overview

Research Areas

Research Overview

Publications

Selected Publications

Journal Article

Funding

Investigator On

Impact

Impact Story

3D printed fins for surfboards: finding the right flow

Supervision

Advisees

Graduate Advising Relationship

Identity

Orcid Id

Overview

Research Areas

Research Overview

Publications

Selected Publications

Journal Article

Funding

Investigator On

Impact

Impact Story

3D printed fins for surfboards: finding the right flow

Supervision

Advisees

Graduate Advising Relationship

Identity

Orcid Id

Visualisations

Research Areas