Spinks, Geoff M.

Overview

Geoff Spinks received his PhD from the University of Melbourne in 1990 for his work on the mechanical behaviour of polymers and he has maintained a research interest in this area specialising in mechanical actuator materials (artificial muscles). Geoff is currently Senior Professor in the Australian Institute for Innovative Materials and Director of UOW Makerspace. Geoff has published over 240 journal articles, including 7 co-authored articles in Science magazine. As at December 2020, he had in excess of 15,000 citations and an "h-index" of 58. Geoff has worked closely with industry including sabbatical leave with BHP Research and Allied Signal Inc. (USA) and collaborative projects funded by industry and through the ARC Linkage and CRC schemes. Geoff has had a strong engagement with teaching across all levels of engineering materials and was co-founder of UoW’s bachelor degrees in Nanotechnology. He has supervised 25 PhD, 7 Masters and over 50 final year / honours students to completion. His current interests include new product development (such as medical devices and prosthetics) and new manufacturing methods (such as 3D printing) that utilise his artificial muscle materials.

Top Publications

Year	Title
2014	Artificial muscles from fishing line and sewing thread Published in Science
2012	Electrically, chemically, and photonically powered torsional and tensile actuation of hybrid carbon nanotube yarn muscles Published in Science
2011	Torsional carbon nanotube artificial muscles Published in Science
2012	Synergistic toughening of composite fibres by self-alignment of reduced graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes Published in Nature Communications
2011	Progress toward robust polymer hydrogels
2013	Effect of first network topology on the toughness of double network hydrogels Published in Macromolecules

Research Areas

Research Overview

Smart materials, Actuators and artificial muscles, Mechanical properties of polymers, Makerspaces

Selected Publications

Journal Article

Year	Title
2020	Advanced Actuator Materials Powered by Biomimetic Helical Fiber Topologies Published In Advanced Materials
2020	Artificial Muscles from Hybrid Carbon Nanotube-Polypyrrole-Coated Twisted and Coiled Yarns Published In Macromolecular Materials and Engineering
2020	Bidirectional Core Sandwich Structure of Reduced Graphene Oxide and Spinnable Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Effectiveness Published In ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
2020	Carbon Nanotube Yarn for Fiber-Shaped Electrical Sensors, Actuators, and Energy Storage for Smart Systems Published In Advanced Materials
2020	Coaxial mussel-inspired biofibers: Making of a robust and efficacious depot for cancer drug delivery Published In Journal of Materials Chemistry B
2020	Design, Modeling and Control of a 3D Printed Monolithic Soft Robotic Finger with Embedded Pneumatic Sensing Chambers Published In IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics
2020	Experimental evaluation and analytical model of the pressure generated by elastic compression garments on a deformable human limb analogue Published In Medical Engineering and Physics
2020	Fully 3D printed soft microactuators for soft microrobotics Published In Smart Materials and Structures
2020	Porous PNIPAm hydrogels: Overcoming diffusion-governed hydrogel actuation Published In Sensors and Actuators, A: Physical
2020	Thermally actuated hydrogel bead based braided artificial muscle Published In Smart Materials and Structures
2020	Wearable Electronic Textiles from Nanostructured Piezoelectric Fibers Published In Advanced Materials Technologies
2019	3D Printable Linear Soft Vacuum Actuators: Their Modeling, Performance Quantification and Application in Soft Robotic Systems Published In IEEE-ASME Transactions on Mechatronics
2019	A 3D-Printed Omni-Purpose Soft Gripper Published In IEEE Transactions on Robotics
2019	Bio-Inspired Stretchable and Contractible Tough Fiber by the Hybridization of GO/MWNT/Polyurethane Published In ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
2019	Biomimetic Thermal-sensitive Multi-transform Actuator Published In Scientific Reports
2019	Carbon nanotube and graphene fiber artificial muscles Published In Nanoscale Advances
2019	Double Helix Actuators Published In Advanced Materials Technologies
2019	Self-Healing Electrode with High Electrical Conductivity and Mechanical Strength for Artificial Electronic Skin Published In ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
2019	Self-healing graphene oxide-based composite for electromagnetic interference shielding Published In Carbon
2019	Sheath-run artificial muscles Published In Science
2019	Triaxial braided piezo fiber energy harvesters for self-powered wearable technologies Published In Journal of Materials Chemistry A
2019	Understanding the assistive technology needs of people over 55: The future of mobility aids Published In Australasian Journal on Ageing
2019	Using force-displacement relations to obtain actuation parameters from artificial muscles Published In Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
2018	A Sequential Debonding Fracture Model for Hydrogen-Bonded Hydrogels Published In Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics
2018	A Soft Stretchable Sensor: Towards Peripheral Nerve Signal Sensing Published In MRS Advances
2018	Bioinspired 3D Printable Soft Vacuum Actuators for Locomotion Robots, Grippers and Artificial Muscles Published In Soft Robotics
2018	Harvesting electrical energy from torsional thermal actuation driven by natural convection Published In Scientific Reports
2018	Hydrogels Containing the Ferri/Ferrocyanide Redox Couple and Ionic Liquids for Thermocells Published In Australian Journal of Chemistry: an international journal for chemical science
2018	Polypyrrole actuators: The effects of polymer thickness and voltage scan rate on fractional charging and isotonic actuation strain Published In Multifunctional Materials
2018	The Bionic Bra: Using electromaterials to sense and modify breast support to enhance active living Published In Journal Of Rehabilitation And Assistive Technologies Engineering
2018	Thermal actuation of hydrogels from PNIPAm, alginate, and carbon nanofibres Published In Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics
2018	Thermally Responsive Torsional and Tensile Fiber Actuator Based on Graphene Oxide Published In ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
2018	Twist–coil coupling fibres for high stroke tensile artificial muscles Published In Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
2018	Weavable asymmetric carbon nanotube yarn supercapacitor for electronic textiles Published In RSC Advances: an international journal to further the chemical sciences
2017	3D printing of tough hydrogel composites with spatially varying materials properties Published In Additive Manufacturing
2017	3D printing of transparent and conductive heterogeneous hydrogel-elastomer systems Published In Advanced Materials
2017	4D printing of reversible shape morphing hydrogel structures Published In Macromolecular Materials and Engineering
2017	A bladder-free, non-fluidic, conductive McKibben artificial muscle operated electrothermally Published In Smart Materials and Structures
2017	Effect of anisotropic thermal expansion on the torsional actuation of twist oriented polymer fibres Published In Polymer
2017	High-strength graphene and polyacrylonitrile composite fiber enhanced by surface coating with polydopamine Published In Composites Science and Technology
2017	In vivo biocompatibility of porous and non-porous polypyrrole based trilayered actuators Published In Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine
2017	Light-triggered soft artificial muscles: Molecular-level amplification of actuation control signals Published In Scientific Reports
2017	The Suitability of 3-D Printed Eutectic Gallium-Indium Alloy as a Heating Element for Thermally Active Hydrogels Published In MRS Advances
2017	Thermomechanical effects in the torsional actuation of twisted nylon 6 fiber Published In Journal of Applied Polymer Science
2017	Wet-Spun Biofiber for Torsional Artificial Muscles Published In Soft Robotics
2016	3D printed flexure hinges for soft monolithic prosthetic fingers Published In Soft Robotics
2016	3D/4D Printing Hydrogel Composites: A Pathway to Functional Devices Published In MRS Advances
2016	Bio-inspired, moisture-powered hybrid carbon nanotube yarn muscles Published In Scientific Reports
2016	Bottom-up microfabrication process for individually controlled conjugated polymer actuators Published In Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical: international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers
2016	Controlled and scalable torsional actuation of twisted nylon 6 fiber Published In Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics
2016	Elastomeric and dynamic MnO2/CNT core-shell structure coiled yarn supercapacitor Published In Advanced Energy Materials
2016	Fabrication of a graphene coated nonwoven textile for industrial applications Published In RSC Advances: an international journal to further the chemical sciences
2016	Improvement of system capacitance via weavable superelastic biscrolled yarn supercapacitors Published In Nature Communications
2016	Knitted carbon-nanotube-sheath/spandex-core elastomeric yarns for artificial muscles and strain sensing Published In ACS Nano
2016	Mechanical recoverability and damage process of ionic-covalent PAAm-alginate hybrid hydrogels Published In Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics
2016	New twist on artificial muscles Published In Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA
2016	Shape-engineerable composite fibers and their supercapacitor application Published In Nanoscale
2016	Stretchable artificial muscles from coiled polymer fibers Published In Journal of Materials Research
2016	Synthesis and characterization of covalently linked graphene/chitosan composites Published In Journal of Metals
2016	Thermally activated paraffin-filled McKibben muscles Published In Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures
2016	Woven-yarn thermoelectric textiles Published In Advanced Materials
2015	4D printing with mechanically robust, thermally actuating hydrogels Published In Macromolecular Rapid Communications
2015	Characterisation of torsional actuation in highly twisted yarns and fibres Published In Polymer Testing
2015	Effect of tensile load on the actuation performance of pH-sensitive hydrogels Published In Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics
2015	Efficient, absorption-powered artificial muscles based on carbon nanotube hybrid yarns Published In Small
2015	Flexible, stretchable and weavable piezoelectric fiber Published In Advanced Engineering Materials
2015	Harvesting temperature fluctuations as electrical energy using torsional and tensile polymer muscles Published In Energy and Environmental Science
2015	Processable conducting graphene/chitosan hydrogels for tissue engineering Published In Journal of Materials Chemistry B
2015	Stability of carbon nanotube yarn biofuel cell in human body fluid Published In Journal of Power Sources
2015	Stretchable, weavable coiled carbon nanotube/MnO2/polymer fiber solid-state supercapacitors Published In Scientific Reports
2015	The effect of geometry and material properties on the performance of a small hydraulic McKibben muscle system Published In Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
2015	Time-dependent mechanical properties of tough ionic-covalent hybrid hydrogels Published In Polymer
2014	All-solid-state carbon nanotube torsional and tensile artificial muscles Published In Nano Letters: a journal dedicated to nanoscience and nanotechnology
2014	Artificial muscles from fishing line and sewing thread Published In Science
2014	Electrically contractile polymers augment right ventricular output in the heart Published In Artificial Organs: replacement, recovery, and regeneration
2014	Fishing for artificial muscles nets a very simple solution Published In The Conversation
2014	Graphene oxide dispersions: tuning rheology to enable fabrication Published In Materials Horizons
2014	High-power biofuel cell textiles from woven biscrolled carbon nanotube yarns Published In Nature Communications
2014	Highly conductive carbon nanotube-graphene hybrid yarn Published In Advanced Functional Materials
2014	Hybrid carbon nanotube yarn artificial muscle inspired by spider dragline silk Published In Nature Communications
2014	Ionic electroactive polymer artificial muscles in space applications Published In Scientific Reports
2014	Molecular weight distribution of network strands in double network hydrogels estimated by mechanical testing Published In Polymer
2014	Optimization of the sequential polymerization synthesis method for polypyrrole films Published In Synthetic Metals
2014	Printed ionic-covalent entanglement hydrogels from carrageenan and an epoxy amine Published In RSC Advances: an international journal to further the chemical sciences
2014	Stimuli-responsive hydrogel actuators Published In Proceedings of SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering
2014	Thin, tough, pH-sensitive hydrogel films with rapid load recovery Published In ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
2014	Three-dimensional printing fiber reinforced hydrogel composites Published In ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
2013	Comparative displacement study of bilayer actuators comprising of conducting polymers, fabricated from polypyrrole, poly(3,4- ethylenedioxythiophene) or poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene) Published In Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
2013	Effect of first network topology on the toughness of double network hydrogels Published In Macromolecules
2013	Evaluation of encapsulating coatings on the performance of polypyrrole actuators Published In Smart Materials and Structures
2013	Extrusion printing of ionic-covalent entanglement hydrogels with high toughness Published In Journal of Materials Chemistry B
2013	Free-standing nanocomposites with high conductivity and extensibility Published In Nanotechnology
2013	Mechanical properties of interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels based on hybrid ionically and covalently crosslinked networks Published In Journal of Applied Polymer Science
2013	Microstructures of conducting polymers: Patterning and actuation study Published In Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
2013	Niche markets can breathe new life into manufacturing Published In The Conversation
2013	Niobium nanowire yarns and their application as artificial muscles Published In Advanced Functional Materials
2013	Patterning and electrical interfacing of individually controllable conducting polymer microactuators Published In Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical: international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers
2013	Polypyrrole stretchable actuators Published In Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics
2013	Tensile testing of individual glassy, rubbery and hydrogel electrospun polymer nanofibres to high strain using the atomic force microscope Published In Polymer Testing
2013	The future of manufacturing: niche doesn’t need to be small Published In The Conversation
2013	Ultrafast charge and discharge biscrolled yarn supercapacitors for textiles and microdevices Published In Nature Communications
2012	A pH-sensitive, strong double-network hydrogel: Poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylates-poly(acrylic acid) Published In Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics
2012	Actuating individual electrospun hydrogel nanofibres Published In Soft Matter
2012	Deforming materials with light: Photoresponsive materials muscle in on the action Published In Angewandte Chemie International Edition
2012	Electrically conductive, tough hydrogels with pH sensitivity Published In Chemistry of Materials
2012	Electrically, chemically, and photonically powered torsional and tensile actuation of hybrid carbon nanotube yarn muscles Published In Science
2012	Hybrid nanomembranes for high power and high energy density supercapacitors and their yarn application Published In ACS Nano
2012	Power to you: carbon nanotube muscles are going strong Published In The Conversation
2012	Preparation and characterization of hybrid conducting polymer-carbon nanotube yarn Published In Nanoscale
2012	Pushing the limits for microactuators based on electroactive polymers Published In IEEE Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
2012	Synergistic toughening of composite fibres by self-alignment of reduced graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes Published In Nature Communications
2012	The role of unbound oligomers in the nucleation and growth of electrodeposited polypyrrole and method for preparing high strength, high conductivity films Published In Langmuir: the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids
2012	Three-dimensional nanofabrication of polystyrene by focused ion beam Published In Journal of Microscopy
2011	A reactive wet spinning approach to polypyrrole fibres Published In Journal of Materials Chemistry
2011	Artificial muscles based on polypyrrole/carbon nanotube laminates Published In Advanced Materials
2011	Direct sub-micrometer patterning of nanostructured conducting polymer films via a low-energy infrared laser Published In Nano Letters: a journal dedicated to nanoscience and nanotechnology
2011	Effect of electrolyte storage layer on performance of PPy-PVDF-PPy microactuators Published In Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical: international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers
2011	Focused Ion Beam Fabricated Polystyrene-Platinum Thermal Microactuator Published In Advanced Materials Research
2011	High strain electromechanical actuators based on electrodeposited polypyrrole doped with di-(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate Published In Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical: international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers
2011	Micron-scale polymer-metal cantilever actuators fabricated by focused ion beam Published In Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
2011	Modelling and performance enhancement of a linear actuation mechanism using conducting polymers Published In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering
2011	Progress toward robust polymer hydrogels Published In Australian Journal of Chemistry: an international journal for chemical science
2011	Show us your (carbon nanotube artificial) muscles! Published In The Conversation
2011	Surfactant-controlled shape change of organic droplets using polypyrrole Published In Thin Solid Films
2011	Synthesis and performance evaluation of thin film PPy-PVDF multilayer electroactive polymer actuators Published In Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
2011	Torsional carbon nanotube artificial muscles Published In Science
2010	Crosslinking neat ultrathin films and nanofibres of pH-responsive poly(acrylic acid) by UV radiation Published In Soft Matter
2010	Electroactivity and biocompatibility of polypyrrole-hyaluronic acid multi-walled carbon nanotube composite Published In Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A
2010	Electromechanical coupling in polypyrrole sensors and actuators Published In Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
2010	Evaluation of thrust force generated for a robotic fish propelled with polypyrrole actuators Published In Polymer International
2010	The mechanical and the electrical properties of conducting polypyrrole fibers Published In Journal of Applied Physics
2010	Wireless aquatic navigator for detection and analysis (WANDA) Published In Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical: international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers
2009	A Linear Actuation of Polymeric Nanofibrous Bundle for Artificial Muscles Published In Chemistry of Materials
2009	Conducting polymer microactuators operating in air Published In Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering
2009	Controlled transport of droplets using conducting polymers Published In Langmuir: the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids
2009	Effect of synthesis conditions on the properties of wet spun polypyrrole fibres Published In Synthetic Metals
2009	Electrochemical pneumatic actuators utilising carbon nanotube electrodes Published In Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical: international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers
2009	Finding NEMO (novel electromaterial muscle oscillator): a polyprrole powered robotic fish with real-time wireless speed and directional control Published In Smart Materials and Structures
2009	Fullerene attachment enhances performance of a DNA nanomachine Published In Advanced Materials
2009	Modulated release of dexamethasone from chitosan-carbon nanotube films Published In Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
2009	Nanocomposite hydrogel with high toughness for bioactuators Published In Advanced Materials
2009	Switchable redox activity by proton fuelled DNA nano-machines Published In Chemical Communications
2009	Tough supersoft sponge fibers with tunable stiffness from a DNA self-assembly technique Published In Angewandte Chemie International Edition
2009	Towards fully optimized conducting polymer bending sensors: the effect of geometry Published In Smart Materials and Structures
2008	Carbon nanotube electroactive polymer materials: opportunities and challenges Published In Materials Research Society (MRS) Bulletin
2008	Controlled array of ferritin in tubular nanostructure Published In Macromolecular Rapid Communications
2008	Controlled magnetic nanofiber hydrogels by clustering ferritin Published In Langmuir: the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids
2008	DNA hydrogel fiber with self-entanglement prepared by using an ionic liquid Published In Angewandte Chemie International Edition
2008	DNA-Wrapped Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Hybrid Fibers for supercapacitors and Artificial Muscles Published In Advanced Materials
2008	Electrochemical pH Oscillations of Ethyl Viologen/Ionic Iquid Published In Langmuir: the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids
2008	Feedback Control of Tri-layer Polymer Actuators to Improve Their Positioning Ability and Speed of Response Published In Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
2008	Monolithic actuators from flash-welded polyaniline nanofibers Published In Advanced Materials
2008	Production of polypyrrole fibers by wet spinning Published In Synthetic Metals
2008	Quartz crystal microbalance study of volume changes and modulus shift in electrochemically switched polypyrrole Published In Thin Solid Films
2008	Response Characterization of Electroactive Polymers as Mechanical Sensors Published In IEEE-ASME Transactions on Mechatronics
2008	Self-maintained colorimetric acid/base sensor using polypyrrole actuator Published In Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical: international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers
2008	The optimum functionalization of carbon nanotube/ferritin composites Published In Smart Materials and Structures
2007	A novel 'dual mode' actuation in chitosan/polyaniline/carbon nanotube fibers Published In Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical: international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers
2007	Actuation behaviour of polyaniline films and tubes prepared by the phase inversion technique Published In Smart Materials and Structures
2007	Conducting Polymers - Bridging the bionic interface Published In Soft Matter
2007	Conducting polymers: a bridge across the bionic interface Published In Chemical Engineering Progress
2007	Electrochemical actuation properties of a novel solution-processable polythiophene Published In Electrochimica Acta
2007	Establishment of a biomimetic device based on tri-layer polymer actuators-propulsion fins Published In Bioinspiration and Biomimetics
2007	Free standing carbon nanotube composite bio-electrodes Published In Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials
2007	Polyaniline and polyaniline-carbon nanotube composite fibres as battery materials in ionic liquid electrolyte Published In Journal of Power Sources
2007	Polymers in nanobionics Published In Highlights in Chemical Technology
2007	Soft Mechanical Sensors through Reverse Actuation in Polypyrrole Published In Advanced Functional Materials

Book

Year	Title
2010	Nanotechnology and Conducting Polymer Fibre: Towards the Development of Nano-Structured Conducting Polymers and Nano-Composite Fibres Publisher Germany
2009	Conductive Electroactive Polymers: Intelligent Polymer Systems Publisher Boca Raton, United States

Chapter

Year	Title
2017	Bio-inspired Polymer Artificial Muscles Published In Bio-inspired Polymers Publisher Cambridge, United Kingdom
2016	Electrothermally Driven Carbon-BasedMaterials as EAPs: Fundamentalsand Device Configurations Published In Handbook of Carbon Nanotubes Publisher Switzerland
2015	Conducting polymer fibers Published In Handbook of Smart Textiles Publisher Singapore
2014	CNT/polymer nanocomposites: a detailed review on mathematical modeling and experimental case studies Published In Engineering of Polymers and Chemical Complexity, Volume 1 : Current State of the Art and Perspectives Publisher Boca Raton, United States
2009	Actuated pins for braille displays Published In Biomedical Applications of Electroactive Polymer Actuators Publisher United Kingdom
2009	Conjugated polymer actuators: Fundamentals Published In Biomedical Applications of Electroactive Polymer Actuators Publisher United Kingdom
2008	An introduction to conducting polymer actuators Published In Introduction to Organic Electronic and Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Publisher Boca Raton, FL

Conference Paper

Year	Title
2020	3D printed soft pneumatic bending sensing chambers for bilateral and remote control of soft robotic systems Published In IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics, AIM
2020	Position Control of a 3D Printed Soft Finger with Integrated Soft Pneumatic Sensing Chambers Published In 2020 3rd IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics, RoboSoft 2020
2019	3D printable vacuum-powered soft linear actuators Published In IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics, AIM
2016	Mechanical stiffness augmentation of a 3D printed soft prosthetic finger Published In Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM), 2016 IEEE International Conference on
2015	Artificial muscles from carbon Nanotube and Nylon Fibres Published In Fiber Society's Spring 2015 Conference, in conjunction with the 2015 International Conference on Advanced Fibers and Polymer Materials: Functional Fibers and Textiles - Program
2015	Effect of flexure hinge type on a 3D printed fully compliant prosthetic finger Published In IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics
2015	Nylon coil actuator operating temperature range and stiffness Published In Proceedings of SPIE: Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) 2015
2015	Soft, flexible micromanipulators comprising polypyrrole trilayer microactuators Published In Proceedings of SPIE: Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) 2015
2015	Transparent and conformal 'piezoionic' touch sensor Published In Proceedings of SPIE: Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) 2015
2014	Simple and strong: twisted silver painted nylon artificial muscle actuated by Joule heating Published In Proceedings of SPIE: Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD)
2014	Strong tough gels for 3D tissue constructs Published In MRS Proceedings, 1622
2013	A novel conducting polymer-carbon nanotube composite yarn Published In Fiber Society Spring 2013 Technical Conference
2013	High performance, electrolyte-free torsional and tensile carbon nanotube yarn composite muscles Published In ICCM International Conferences on Composite Materials
2013	Individually controlled conducting polymer tri-layer microactuators Published In Transducers and Eurosensors XXVII: The 17th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems
2011	Fabrication of mircohands based on electroactive polymer actuators Published In 15th International Conference on Mechatronics Technology
2010	Methods developed for the fabrication of a thermally-induced polypyrrole bilayer micro/nanoactuator Published In (ICONN), 2010 International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
2010	Multidisciplinary expertise applied to Underground Coal Mining R and D Projects with emphasis on Adoption of Lean Automation Techniques Published In ICINCO 2010: 7th International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics
2010	Nanostructured electrically conducting biofibres produced using a reactive wet-spinning process Published In ICONN 2010: Proceeding of 2010 International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
2009	From bending to linear movement: a linear actuation mechanism based on conducting polymer actuators Published In International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics
2008	Developing a polymer-based alternative to steel mesh for strata support in longwall gateroads Published In Australian longwall mining summit 2008
2008	Fast bender actuators for fish-like aquatic robots Published In Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) 2008, Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 6927
2008	Multidisciplinary expertise applied to underground coal mining R and D projects with emphasis on adoption of lean automation techniques Published In The 3rd International Symposium on Modern Mining and Safety Technology Proceedings
2008	Polymer-based alternative to steel mesh for coal mine strata reinforcement Published In Underground Coal Operators' Conference
2008	Polymeric alternative to steel mesh for underground coal mine roadway support Published In 17th International Symposium on Mine Planning and Equipment Selection, 20-22 October, 2008
2008	Sensor response of polypyrrole trilayer benders as a function of geometry Published In International Symposium on Smart Structures and Materials, and Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring and Diagnostics
2008	The role of steel mesh in underground coal mine roadway support, and the development of a polymetric alternative to steel mesh Published In Sixth International Symposium Rockbolting in Mining & Injection Technology and Roadway Support Systems
2007	An investigation into behaviour of electroactive polymers as mechanical sensors Published In International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics
2007	Tri-layer polymer actuators with variable dimensions Published In Smart Structures and Materials and Non-destructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring

Investigator On

Year	Title
2014 - 2020	ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Awarded by: Australian Research Council (ARC) Funding Scheme: Centres of Excellence
2011 - 2016	Mechanical Advantage: biomimetic artificial muscles for micro-machines. Awarded by: Australian Research Council (ARC) Funding Scheme: Discovery Projects
2015	EU Horizon 2020 - MICACT -MicroACTuators Awarded by: Marie Sklowdowska-Curie Actions ITN Funding Scheme: Innovative Training Networks
2015	New generation cryogen-free physical property measurement system Awarded by: Australian Research Council (ARC) Funding Scheme: Linkage Infrastructure Equipment & Facilities (LIEF)
2014	Biopolymer Conduit for Peripheral Nerve Repair Awarded by: National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Funding Scheme: Project Grant
2011 - 2014	Controlling lymphoedema in an intelligent fashion Awarded by: National Breast Cancer Foundation Funding Scheme: Concept Award
2009	A universal nano tribometer for surface and thin film characterisation Awarded by: Australian Research Council (ARC) Funding Scheme: Linkage Infrastructure Equipment & Facilities (LIEF)
2008	An analytical field emission gun scattering electron microscope Awarded by: Australian Research Council (ARC) Funding Scheme: Linkage Infrastructure Equipment & Facilities (LIEF)
2008	Pushing the limits: fabricating micro and nano actuators Awarded by: Australian Research Council (ARC) Funding Scheme: Discovery Projects
2007	Liquid Mesh for Strata Control Awarded by: Australian Coal Association Research Program (ACARP) Funding Scheme: Grant

Impact Story

UOW developed wearable tech to beat foreign fakes
Summary
Customers buying the finest wool-based clothing can confirm they’re getting what they paid for, thanks to technology developed by University of Wollongong (UOW) researchers, with the support of the NSW Government.Mittagong-based Bluey Merino has developed a Near Field Communications (NFC) label with the University to incorporate in its range of active and outdoor wear made with the softest rare grade, super-fine merino wool. Customers can scan the label with their mobile phones to confirm the origin of the wool in their new garment.Bluey Merino worked with the University of Wollongong as part of the NSW Government’s $18 million <a href="http://www.industry.nsw.gov.au/business-and-industry-in-nsw" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Boosting Business Innovation Program</a> to open up university research centres to local companies.“This is an outstanding example of a local company working with our university sector through the Boost program to deliver a true ‘value-add’ for our regional primary industry sector,” Deputy Premier and Minister for Industry John Barilaro said.“Throughout the world NSW products are renowned for their high quality so it’s critical that we guard against their counterfeiting with technology that guarantees their provenance. <a href="https://www.uow.edu.au/media/2019/uow-developed-wearable-tech-to-beat-foreign-fakes.php" title=" UOW developed wearable tech to beat foreign fakes" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Researchers work with Mittagong company to develop counterfeit-proof garments</a> UOW research lead Dr <a href="display/javad_foroughi" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Javad Foroughi</a> said, “It has been a pleasure to collaborate with Andrew and to apply breakthrough research to real world problems. It also gave the PhD students a chance to interact with industry.”Bluey Merino’s next step is to develop body-sensing capabilities within their garments to monitor the wearer’s vitals such as blood pressure and temperature, with applications in fields including athletics, defence, healthcare and aged care.The Boosting Business Innovation Program connects the state’s businesses with the NSW university sector’s research and testing capabilities, helping push the development of new products and services and further strengthening the NSW economy.

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UOW Researchers / Collaborators
4D printing
Summary
We demonstrated the potential of 4D printing and showcased UOW research to the wider community

Detail View

Detail View Summary View
Detail of Impact
Showcasing UOW research to the wider communicate and engagement with media
Field of Research
Countries / Regions
Beneficiaries

Beneficiary Quantification Description
External Partners
Evidence of Impact

Evidence Description
UOW Centres / Programs
UOW Researchers / Collaborators

Advisees

Graduate Advising Relationship

Degree	Research Title	Advisee
Doctor of Philosophy	Twisted Fibre Artificial Muscles	Shepherd, David
Doctor of Philosophy	Neural Interfacing to Soft Robotic Hand	Montoya Gurrola, Gerardo
Doctor of Philosophy	Investigating the Treatment of Movement Disorders Using Stem Cells and Neurotechnologies	Newbery, Michelle
Doctor of Philosophy	Identifying and Translating Intention of Prosthetic Hand Users into Control Signals using Machine Learning Techniques	Le, Hong-Quan
Doctor of Philosophy	Electrospun 3D Nanofibres for Wound Healing/Tissue Engineering Applications	Aloko, Sinmisola
Doctor of Philosophy	Evaluation of moisture driven artificial muscles for atmospheric dehumidification	Bin Asghar Abbasi, Burhan

Keywords

manufacturing-innovation, smart-materials, actuators, artificial-muscles, additive-manufacturing, mechanical-properties-of-polymers,

Located In Facility

Innovation Campus, Building 235, Room 112F

Orcid Id

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4656-9473 (pending confirmation)

Web Of Science Researcher Id

E-5612-2011

Scopus Id

7005653731

Top Publications

Year	Title
2014	Artificial muscles from fishing line and sewing thread Published in Science
2012	Electrically, chemically, and photonically powered torsional and tensile actuation of hybrid carbon nanotube yarn muscles Published in Science
2011	Torsional carbon nanotube artificial muscles Published in Science
2012	Synergistic toughening of composite fibres by self-alignment of reduced graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes Published in Nature Communications
2011	Progress toward robust polymer hydrogels
2013	Effect of first network topology on the toughness of double network hydrogels Published in Macromolecules

Research Areas

Research Overview

Smart materials, Actuators and artificial muscles, Mechanical properties of polymers, Makerspaces

Selected Publications

Journal Article

Year	Title
2020	Advanced Actuator Materials Powered by Biomimetic Helical Fiber Topologies Published In Advanced Materials
2020	Artificial Muscles from Hybrid Carbon Nanotube-Polypyrrole-Coated Twisted and Coiled Yarns Published In Macromolecular Materials and Engineering
2020	Bidirectional Core Sandwich Structure of Reduced Graphene Oxide and Spinnable Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Effectiveness Published In ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
2020	Carbon Nanotube Yarn for Fiber-Shaped Electrical Sensors, Actuators, and Energy Storage for Smart Systems Published In Advanced Materials
2020	Coaxial mussel-inspired biofibers: Making of a robust and efficacious depot for cancer drug delivery Published In Journal of Materials Chemistry B
2020	Design, Modeling and Control of a 3D Printed Monolithic Soft Robotic Finger with Embedded Pneumatic Sensing Chambers Published In IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics
2020	Experimental evaluation and analytical model of the pressure generated by elastic compression garments on a deformable human limb analogue Published In Medical Engineering and Physics
2020	Fully 3D printed soft microactuators for soft microrobotics Published In Smart Materials and Structures
2020	Porous PNIPAm hydrogels: Overcoming diffusion-governed hydrogel actuation Published In Sensors and Actuators, A: Physical
2020	Thermally actuated hydrogel bead based braided artificial muscle Published In Smart Materials and Structures
2020	Wearable Electronic Textiles from Nanostructured Piezoelectric Fibers Published In Advanced Materials Technologies
2019	3D Printable Linear Soft Vacuum Actuators: Their Modeling, Performance Quantification and Application in Soft Robotic Systems Published In IEEE-ASME Transactions on Mechatronics
2019	A 3D-Printed Omni-Purpose Soft Gripper Published In IEEE Transactions on Robotics
2019	Bio-Inspired Stretchable and Contractible Tough Fiber by the Hybridization of GO/MWNT/Polyurethane Published In ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
2019	Biomimetic Thermal-sensitive Multi-transform Actuator Published In Scientific Reports
2019	Carbon nanotube and graphene fiber artificial muscles Published In Nanoscale Advances
2019	Double Helix Actuators Published In Advanced Materials Technologies
2019	Self-Healing Electrode with High Electrical Conductivity and Mechanical Strength for Artificial Electronic Skin Published In ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
2019	Self-healing graphene oxide-based composite for electromagnetic interference shielding Published In Carbon
2019	Sheath-run artificial muscles Published In Science
2019	Triaxial braided piezo fiber energy harvesters for self-powered wearable technologies Published In Journal of Materials Chemistry A
2019	Understanding the assistive technology needs of people over 55: The future of mobility aids Published In Australasian Journal on Ageing
2019	Using force-displacement relations to obtain actuation parameters from artificial muscles Published In Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
2018	A Sequential Debonding Fracture Model for Hydrogen-Bonded Hydrogels Published In Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics
2018	A Soft Stretchable Sensor: Towards Peripheral Nerve Signal Sensing Published In MRS Advances
2018	Bioinspired 3D Printable Soft Vacuum Actuators for Locomotion Robots, Grippers and Artificial Muscles Published In Soft Robotics
2018	Harvesting electrical energy from torsional thermal actuation driven by natural convection Published In Scientific Reports
2018	Hydrogels Containing the Ferri/Ferrocyanide Redox Couple and Ionic Liquids for Thermocells Published In Australian Journal of Chemistry: an international journal for chemical science
2018	Polypyrrole actuators: The effects of polymer thickness and voltage scan rate on fractional charging and isotonic actuation strain Published In Multifunctional Materials
2018	The Bionic Bra: Using electromaterials to sense and modify breast support to enhance active living Published In Journal Of Rehabilitation And Assistive Technologies Engineering
2018	Thermal actuation of hydrogels from PNIPAm, alginate, and carbon nanofibres Published In Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics
2018	Thermally Responsive Torsional and Tensile Fiber Actuator Based on Graphene Oxide Published In ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
2018	Twist–coil coupling fibres for high stroke tensile artificial muscles Published In Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
2018	Weavable asymmetric carbon nanotube yarn supercapacitor for electronic textiles Published In RSC Advances: an international journal to further the chemical sciences
2017	3D printing of tough hydrogel composites with spatially varying materials properties Published In Additive Manufacturing
2017	3D printing of transparent and conductive heterogeneous hydrogel-elastomer systems Published In Advanced Materials
2017	4D printing of reversible shape morphing hydrogel structures Published In Macromolecular Materials and Engineering
2017	A bladder-free, non-fluidic, conductive McKibben artificial muscle operated electrothermally Published In Smart Materials and Structures
2017	Effect of anisotropic thermal expansion on the torsional actuation of twist oriented polymer fibres Published In Polymer
2017	High-strength graphene and polyacrylonitrile composite fiber enhanced by surface coating with polydopamine Published In Composites Science and Technology
2017	In vivo biocompatibility of porous and non-porous polypyrrole based trilayered actuators Published In Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine
2017	Light-triggered soft artificial muscles: Molecular-level amplification of actuation control signals Published In Scientific Reports
2017	The Suitability of 3-D Printed Eutectic Gallium-Indium Alloy as a Heating Element for Thermally Active Hydrogels Published In MRS Advances
2017	Thermomechanical effects in the torsional actuation of twisted nylon 6 fiber Published In Journal of Applied Polymer Science
2017	Wet-Spun Biofiber for Torsional Artificial Muscles Published In Soft Robotics
2016	3D printed flexure hinges for soft monolithic prosthetic fingers Published In Soft Robotics
2016	3D/4D Printing Hydrogel Composites: A Pathway to Functional Devices Published In MRS Advances
2016	Bio-inspired, moisture-powered hybrid carbon nanotube yarn muscles Published In Scientific Reports
2016	Bottom-up microfabrication process for individually controlled conjugated polymer actuators Published In Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical: international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers
2016	Controlled and scalable torsional actuation of twisted nylon 6 fiber Published In Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics
2016	Elastomeric and dynamic MnO2/CNT core-shell structure coiled yarn supercapacitor Published In Advanced Energy Materials
2016	Fabrication of a graphene coated nonwoven textile for industrial applications Published In RSC Advances: an international journal to further the chemical sciences
2016	Improvement of system capacitance via weavable superelastic biscrolled yarn supercapacitors Published In Nature Communications
2016	Knitted carbon-nanotube-sheath/spandex-core elastomeric yarns for artificial muscles and strain sensing Published In ACS Nano
2016	Mechanical recoverability and damage process of ionic-covalent PAAm-alginate hybrid hydrogels Published In Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics
2016	New twist on artificial muscles Published In Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA
2016	Shape-engineerable composite fibers and their supercapacitor application Published In Nanoscale
2016	Stretchable artificial muscles from coiled polymer fibers Published In Journal of Materials Research
2016	Synthesis and characterization of covalently linked graphene/chitosan composites Published In Journal of Metals
2016	Thermally activated paraffin-filled McKibben muscles Published In Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures
2016	Woven-yarn thermoelectric textiles Published In Advanced Materials
2015	4D printing with mechanically robust, thermally actuating hydrogels Published In Macromolecular Rapid Communications
2015	Characterisation of torsional actuation in highly twisted yarns and fibres Published In Polymer Testing
2015	Effect of tensile load on the actuation performance of pH-sensitive hydrogels Published In Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics
2015	Efficient, absorption-powered artificial muscles based on carbon nanotube hybrid yarns Published In Small
2015	Flexible, stretchable and weavable piezoelectric fiber Published In Advanced Engineering Materials
2015	Harvesting temperature fluctuations as electrical energy using torsional and tensile polymer muscles Published In Energy and Environmental Science
2015	Processable conducting graphene/chitosan hydrogels for tissue engineering Published In Journal of Materials Chemistry B
2015	Stability of carbon nanotube yarn biofuel cell in human body fluid Published In Journal of Power Sources
2015	Stretchable, weavable coiled carbon nanotube/MnO2/polymer fiber solid-state supercapacitors Published In Scientific Reports
2015	The effect of geometry and material properties on the performance of a small hydraulic McKibben muscle system Published In Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
2015	Time-dependent mechanical properties of tough ionic-covalent hybrid hydrogels Published In Polymer
2014	All-solid-state carbon nanotube torsional and tensile artificial muscles Published In Nano Letters: a journal dedicated to nanoscience and nanotechnology
2014	Artificial muscles from fishing line and sewing thread Published In Science
2014	Electrically contractile polymers augment right ventricular output in the heart Published In Artificial Organs: replacement, recovery, and regeneration
2014	Fishing for artificial muscles nets a very simple solution Published In The Conversation
2014	Graphene oxide dispersions: tuning rheology to enable fabrication Published In Materials Horizons
2014	High-power biofuel cell textiles from woven biscrolled carbon nanotube yarns Published In Nature Communications
2014	Highly conductive carbon nanotube-graphene hybrid yarn Published In Advanced Functional Materials
2014	Hybrid carbon nanotube yarn artificial muscle inspired by spider dragline silk Published In Nature Communications
2014	Ionic electroactive polymer artificial muscles in space applications Published In Scientific Reports
2014	Molecular weight distribution of network strands in double network hydrogels estimated by mechanical testing Published In Polymer
2014	Optimization of the sequential polymerization synthesis method for polypyrrole films Published In Synthetic Metals
2014	Printed ionic-covalent entanglement hydrogels from carrageenan and an epoxy amine Published In RSC Advances: an international journal to further the chemical sciences
2014	Stimuli-responsive hydrogel actuators Published In Proceedings of SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering
2014	Thin, tough, pH-sensitive hydrogel films with rapid load recovery Published In ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
2014	Three-dimensional printing fiber reinforced hydrogel composites Published In ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
2013	Comparative displacement study of bilayer actuators comprising of conducting polymers, fabricated from polypyrrole, poly(3,4- ethylenedioxythiophene) or poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene) Published In Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
2013	Effect of first network topology on the toughness of double network hydrogels Published In Macromolecules
2013	Evaluation of encapsulating coatings on the performance of polypyrrole actuators Published In Smart Materials and Structures
2013	Extrusion printing of ionic-covalent entanglement hydrogels with high toughness Published In Journal of Materials Chemistry B
2013	Free-standing nanocomposites with high conductivity and extensibility Published In Nanotechnology
2013	Mechanical properties of interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels based on hybrid ionically and covalently crosslinked networks Published In Journal of Applied Polymer Science
2013	Microstructures of conducting polymers: Patterning and actuation study Published In Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
2013	Niche markets can breathe new life into manufacturing Published In The Conversation
2013	Niobium nanowire yarns and their application as artificial muscles Published In Advanced Functional Materials
2013	Patterning and electrical interfacing of individually controllable conducting polymer microactuators Published In Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical: international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers
2013	Polypyrrole stretchable actuators Published In Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics
2013	Tensile testing of individual glassy, rubbery and hydrogel electrospun polymer nanofibres to high strain using the atomic force microscope Published In Polymer Testing
2013	The future of manufacturing: niche doesn’t need to be small Published In The Conversation
2013	Ultrafast charge and discharge biscrolled yarn supercapacitors for textiles and microdevices Published In Nature Communications
2012	A pH-sensitive, strong double-network hydrogel: Poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylates-poly(acrylic acid) Published In Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics
2012	Actuating individual electrospun hydrogel nanofibres Published In Soft Matter
2012	Deforming materials with light: Photoresponsive materials muscle in on the action Published In Angewandte Chemie International Edition
2012	Electrically conductive, tough hydrogels with pH sensitivity Published In Chemistry of Materials
2012	Electrically, chemically, and photonically powered torsional and tensile actuation of hybrid carbon nanotube yarn muscles Published In Science
2012	Hybrid nanomembranes for high power and high energy density supercapacitors and their yarn application Published In ACS Nano
2012	Power to you: carbon nanotube muscles are going strong Published In The Conversation
2012	Preparation and characterization of hybrid conducting polymer-carbon nanotube yarn Published In Nanoscale
2012	Pushing the limits for microactuators based on electroactive polymers Published In IEEE Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
2012	Synergistic toughening of composite fibres by self-alignment of reduced graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes Published In Nature Communications
2012	The role of unbound oligomers in the nucleation and growth of electrodeposited polypyrrole and method for preparing high strength, high conductivity films Published In Langmuir: the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids
2012	Three-dimensional nanofabrication of polystyrene by focused ion beam Published In Journal of Microscopy
2011	A reactive wet spinning approach to polypyrrole fibres Published In Journal of Materials Chemistry
2011	Artificial muscles based on polypyrrole/carbon nanotube laminates Published In Advanced Materials
2011	Direct sub-micrometer patterning of nanostructured conducting polymer films via a low-energy infrared laser Published In Nano Letters: a journal dedicated to nanoscience and nanotechnology
2011	Effect of electrolyte storage layer on performance of PPy-PVDF-PPy microactuators Published In Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical: international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers
2011	Focused Ion Beam Fabricated Polystyrene-Platinum Thermal Microactuator Published In Advanced Materials Research
2011	High strain electromechanical actuators based on electrodeposited polypyrrole doped with di-(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate Published In Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical: international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers
2011	Micron-scale polymer-metal cantilever actuators fabricated by focused ion beam Published In Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
2011	Modelling and performance enhancement of a linear actuation mechanism using conducting polymers Published In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering
2011	Progress toward robust polymer hydrogels Published In Australian Journal of Chemistry: an international journal for chemical science
2011	Show us your (carbon nanotube artificial) muscles! Published In The Conversation
2011	Surfactant-controlled shape change of organic droplets using polypyrrole Published In Thin Solid Films
2011	Synthesis and performance evaluation of thin film PPy-PVDF multilayer electroactive polymer actuators Published In Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
2011	Torsional carbon nanotube artificial muscles Published In Science
2010	Crosslinking neat ultrathin films and nanofibres of pH-responsive poly(acrylic acid) by UV radiation Published In Soft Matter
2010	Electroactivity and biocompatibility of polypyrrole-hyaluronic acid multi-walled carbon nanotube composite Published In Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A
2010	Electromechanical coupling in polypyrrole sensors and actuators Published In Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
2010	Evaluation of thrust force generated for a robotic fish propelled with polypyrrole actuators Published In Polymer International
2010	The mechanical and the electrical properties of conducting polypyrrole fibers Published In Journal of Applied Physics
2010	Wireless aquatic navigator for detection and analysis (WANDA) Published In Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical: international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers
2009	A Linear Actuation of Polymeric Nanofibrous Bundle for Artificial Muscles Published In Chemistry of Materials
2009	Conducting polymer microactuators operating in air Published In Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering
2009	Controlled transport of droplets using conducting polymers Published In Langmuir: the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids
2009	Effect of synthesis conditions on the properties of wet spun polypyrrole fibres Published In Synthetic Metals
2009	Electrochemical pneumatic actuators utilising carbon nanotube electrodes Published In Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical: international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers
2009	Finding NEMO (novel electromaterial muscle oscillator): a polyprrole powered robotic fish with real-time wireless speed and directional control Published In Smart Materials and Structures
2009	Fullerene attachment enhances performance of a DNA nanomachine Published In Advanced Materials
2009	Modulated release of dexamethasone from chitosan-carbon nanotube films Published In Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
2009	Nanocomposite hydrogel with high toughness for bioactuators Published In Advanced Materials
2009	Switchable redox activity by proton fuelled DNA nano-machines Published In Chemical Communications
2009	Tough supersoft sponge fibers with tunable stiffness from a DNA self-assembly technique Published In Angewandte Chemie International Edition
2009	Towards fully optimized conducting polymer bending sensors: the effect of geometry Published In Smart Materials and Structures
2008	Carbon nanotube electroactive polymer materials: opportunities and challenges Published In Materials Research Society (MRS) Bulletin
2008	Controlled array of ferritin in tubular nanostructure Published In Macromolecular Rapid Communications
2008	Controlled magnetic nanofiber hydrogels by clustering ferritin Published In Langmuir: the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids
2008	DNA hydrogel fiber with self-entanglement prepared by using an ionic liquid Published In Angewandte Chemie International Edition
2008	DNA-Wrapped Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Hybrid Fibers for supercapacitors and Artificial Muscles Published In Advanced Materials
2008	Electrochemical pH Oscillations of Ethyl Viologen/Ionic Iquid Published In Langmuir: the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids
2008	Feedback Control of Tri-layer Polymer Actuators to Improve Their Positioning Ability and Speed of Response Published In Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
2008	Monolithic actuators from flash-welded polyaniline nanofibers Published In Advanced Materials
2008	Production of polypyrrole fibers by wet spinning Published In Synthetic Metals
2008	Quartz crystal microbalance study of volume changes and modulus shift in electrochemically switched polypyrrole Published In Thin Solid Films
2008	Response Characterization of Electroactive Polymers as Mechanical Sensors Published In IEEE-ASME Transactions on Mechatronics
2008	Self-maintained colorimetric acid/base sensor using polypyrrole actuator Published In Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical: international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers
2008	The optimum functionalization of carbon nanotube/ferritin composites Published In Smart Materials and Structures
2007	A novel 'dual mode' actuation in chitosan/polyaniline/carbon nanotube fibers Published In Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical: international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers
2007	Actuation behaviour of polyaniline films and tubes prepared by the phase inversion technique Published In Smart Materials and Structures
2007	Conducting Polymers - Bridging the bionic interface Published In Soft Matter
2007	Conducting polymers: a bridge across the bionic interface Published In Chemical Engineering Progress
2007	Electrochemical actuation properties of a novel solution-processable polythiophene Published In Electrochimica Acta
2007	Establishment of a biomimetic device based on tri-layer polymer actuators-propulsion fins Published In Bioinspiration and Biomimetics
2007	Free standing carbon nanotube composite bio-electrodes Published In Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials
2007	Polyaniline and polyaniline-carbon nanotube composite fibres as battery materials in ionic liquid electrolyte Published In Journal of Power Sources
2007	Polymers in nanobionics Published In Highlights in Chemical Technology
2007	Soft Mechanical Sensors through Reverse Actuation in Polypyrrole Published In Advanced Functional Materials

Book

Year	Title
2010	Nanotechnology and Conducting Polymer Fibre: Towards the Development of Nano-Structured Conducting Polymers and Nano-Composite Fibres Publisher Germany
2009	Conductive Electroactive Polymers: Intelligent Polymer Systems Publisher Boca Raton, United States

Chapter

Year	Title
2017	Bio-inspired Polymer Artificial Muscles Published In Bio-inspired Polymers Publisher Cambridge, United Kingdom
2016	Electrothermally Driven Carbon-BasedMaterials as EAPs: Fundamentalsand Device Configurations Published In Handbook of Carbon Nanotubes Publisher Switzerland
2015	Conducting polymer fibers Published In Handbook of Smart Textiles Publisher Singapore
2014	CNT/polymer nanocomposites: a detailed review on mathematical modeling and experimental case studies Published In Engineering of Polymers and Chemical Complexity, Volume 1 : Current State of the Art and Perspectives Publisher Boca Raton, United States
2009	Actuated pins for braille displays Published In Biomedical Applications of Electroactive Polymer Actuators Publisher United Kingdom
2009	Conjugated polymer actuators: Fundamentals Published In Biomedical Applications of Electroactive Polymer Actuators Publisher United Kingdom
2008	An introduction to conducting polymer actuators Published In Introduction to Organic Electronic and Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Publisher Boca Raton, FL

Conference Paper

Year	Title
2020	3D printed soft pneumatic bending sensing chambers for bilateral and remote control of soft robotic systems Published In IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics, AIM
2020	Position Control of a 3D Printed Soft Finger with Integrated Soft Pneumatic Sensing Chambers Published In 2020 3rd IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics, RoboSoft 2020
2019	3D printable vacuum-powered soft linear actuators Published In IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics, AIM
2016	Mechanical stiffness augmentation of a 3D printed soft prosthetic finger Published In Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM), 2016 IEEE International Conference on
2015	Artificial muscles from carbon Nanotube and Nylon Fibres Published In Fiber Society's Spring 2015 Conference, in conjunction with the 2015 International Conference on Advanced Fibers and Polymer Materials: Functional Fibers and Textiles - Program
2015	Effect of flexure hinge type on a 3D printed fully compliant prosthetic finger Published In IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics
2015	Nylon coil actuator operating temperature range and stiffness Published In Proceedings of SPIE: Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) 2015
2015	Soft, flexible micromanipulators comprising polypyrrole trilayer microactuators Published In Proceedings of SPIE: Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) 2015
2015	Transparent and conformal 'piezoionic' touch sensor Published In Proceedings of SPIE: Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) 2015
2014	Simple and strong: twisted silver painted nylon artificial muscle actuated by Joule heating Published In Proceedings of SPIE: Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD)
2014	Strong tough gels for 3D tissue constructs Published In MRS Proceedings, 1622
2013	A novel conducting polymer-carbon nanotube composite yarn Published In Fiber Society Spring 2013 Technical Conference
2013	High performance, electrolyte-free torsional and tensile carbon nanotube yarn composite muscles Published In ICCM International Conferences on Composite Materials
2013	Individually controlled conducting polymer tri-layer microactuators Published In Transducers and Eurosensors XXVII: The 17th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems
2011	Fabrication of mircohands based on electroactive polymer actuators Published In 15th International Conference on Mechatronics Technology
2010	Methods developed for the fabrication of a thermally-induced polypyrrole bilayer micro/nanoactuator Published In (ICONN), 2010 International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
2010	Multidisciplinary expertise applied to Underground Coal Mining R and D Projects with emphasis on Adoption of Lean Automation Techniques Published In ICINCO 2010: 7th International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics
2010	Nanostructured electrically conducting biofibres produced using a reactive wet-spinning process Published In ICONN 2010: Proceeding of 2010 International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
2009	From bending to linear movement: a linear actuation mechanism based on conducting polymer actuators Published In International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics
2008	Developing a polymer-based alternative to steel mesh for strata support in longwall gateroads Published In Australian longwall mining summit 2008
2008	Fast bender actuators for fish-like aquatic robots Published In Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) 2008, Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 6927
2008	Multidisciplinary expertise applied to underground coal mining R and D projects with emphasis on adoption of lean automation techniques Published In The 3rd International Symposium on Modern Mining and Safety Technology Proceedings
2008	Polymer-based alternative to steel mesh for coal mine strata reinforcement Published In Underground Coal Operators' Conference
2008	Polymeric alternative to steel mesh for underground coal mine roadway support Published In 17th International Symposium on Mine Planning and Equipment Selection, 20-22 October, 2008
2008	Sensor response of polypyrrole trilayer benders as a function of geometry Published In International Symposium on Smart Structures and Materials, and Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring and Diagnostics
2008	The role of steel mesh in underground coal mine roadway support, and the development of a polymetric alternative to steel mesh Published In Sixth International Symposium Rockbolting in Mining & Injection Technology and Roadway Support Systems
2007	An investigation into behaviour of electroactive polymers as mechanical sensors Published In International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics
2007	Tri-layer polymer actuators with variable dimensions Published In Smart Structures and Materials and Non-destructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring

Investigator On

Year	Title
2014 - 2020	ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Awarded by: Australian Research Council (ARC) Funding Scheme: Centres of Excellence
2011 - 2016	Mechanical Advantage: biomimetic artificial muscles for micro-machines. Awarded by: Australian Research Council (ARC) Funding Scheme: Discovery Projects
2015	EU Horizon 2020 - MICACT -MicroACTuators Awarded by: Marie Sklowdowska-Curie Actions ITN Funding Scheme: Innovative Training Networks
2015	New generation cryogen-free physical property measurement system Awarded by: Australian Research Council (ARC) Funding Scheme: Linkage Infrastructure Equipment & Facilities (LIEF)
2014	Biopolymer Conduit for Peripheral Nerve Repair Awarded by: National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Funding Scheme: Project Grant
2011 - 2014	Controlling lymphoedema in an intelligent fashion Awarded by: National Breast Cancer Foundation Funding Scheme: Concept Award
2009	A universal nano tribometer for surface and thin film characterisation Awarded by: Australian Research Council (ARC) Funding Scheme: Linkage Infrastructure Equipment & Facilities (LIEF)
2008	An analytical field emission gun scattering electron microscope Awarded by: Australian Research Council (ARC) Funding Scheme: Linkage Infrastructure Equipment & Facilities (LIEF)
2008	Pushing the limits: fabricating micro and nano actuators Awarded by: Australian Research Council (ARC) Funding Scheme: Discovery Projects
2007	Liquid Mesh for Strata Control Awarded by: Australian Coal Association Research Program (ACARP) Funding Scheme: Grant

Impact Story

UOW developed wearable tech to beat foreign fakes
Summary
Customers buying the finest wool-based clothing can confirm they’re getting what they paid for, thanks to technology developed by University of Wollongong (UOW) researchers, with the support of the NSW Government.Mittagong-based Bluey Merino has developed a Near Field Communications (NFC) label with the University to incorporate in its range of active and outdoor wear made with the softest rare grade, super-fine merino wool. Customers can scan the label with their mobile phones to confirm the origin of the wool in their new garment.Bluey Merino worked with the University of Wollongong as part of the NSW Government’s $18 million <a href="http://www.industry.nsw.gov.au/business-and-industry-in-nsw" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Boosting Business Innovation Program</a> to open up university research centres to local companies.“This is an outstanding example of a local company working with our university sector through the Boost program to deliver a true ‘value-add’ for our regional primary industry sector,” Deputy Premier and Minister for Industry John Barilaro said.“Throughout the world NSW products are renowned for their high quality so it’s critical that we guard against their counterfeiting with technology that guarantees their provenance. <a href="https://www.uow.edu.au/media/2019/uow-developed-wearable-tech-to-beat-foreign-fakes.php" title=" UOW developed wearable tech to beat foreign fakes" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Researchers work with Mittagong company to develop counterfeit-proof garments</a> UOW research lead Dr <a href="display/javad_foroughi" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Javad Foroughi</a> said, “It has been a pleasure to collaborate with Andrew and to apply breakthrough research to real world problems. It also gave the PhD students a chance to interact with industry.”Bluey Merino’s next step is to develop body-sensing capabilities within their garments to monitor the wearer’s vitals such as blood pressure and temperature, with applications in fields including athletics, defence, healthcare and aged care.The Boosting Business Innovation Program connects the state’s businesses with the NSW university sector’s research and testing capabilities, helping push the development of new products and services and further strengthening the NSW economy.

Detail View

Detail View Summary View
Field of Research
Countries / Regions
Beneficiaries

Beneficiary Quantification Description
External Partners
Evidence of Impact

Evidence Description
UOW Centres / Programs
UOW Researchers / Collaborators
4D printing
Summary
We demonstrated the potential of 4D printing and showcased UOW research to the wider community

Detail View

Detail View Summary View
Detail of Impact
Showcasing UOW research to the wider communicate and engagement with media
Field of Research
Countries / Regions
Beneficiaries

Beneficiary Quantification Description
External Partners
Evidence of Impact

Evidence Description
UOW Centres / Programs
UOW Researchers / Collaborators

Advisees

Graduate Advising Relationship

Degree	Research Title	Advisee
Doctor of Philosophy	Twisted Fibre Artificial Muscles	Shepherd, David
Doctor of Philosophy	Neural Interfacing to Soft Robotic Hand	Montoya Gurrola, Gerardo
Doctor of Philosophy	Investigating the Treatment of Movement Disorders Using Stem Cells and Neurotechnologies	Newbery, Michelle
Doctor of Philosophy	Identifying and Translating Intention of Prosthetic Hand Users into Control Signals using Machine Learning Techniques	Le, Hong-Quan
Doctor of Philosophy	Electrospun 3D Nanofibres for Wound Healing/Tissue Engineering Applications	Aloko, Sinmisola
Doctor of Philosophy	Evaluation of moisture driven artificial muscles for atmospheric dehumidification	Bin Asghar Abbasi, Burhan

Keywords

manufacturing-innovation, smart-materials, actuators, artificial-muscles, additive-manufacturing, mechanical-properties-of-polymers,

Located In Facility

Innovation Campus, Building 235, Room 112F

Orcid Id

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4656-9473 (pending confirmation)

Web Of Science Researcher Id

E-5612-2011

Scopus Id

7005653731

Overview

Overview

Top Publications

Research Areas

Research Overview

Publications

Selected Publications

Journal Article

Book

Chapter

Conference Paper

Funding

Investigator On

Impact

Impact Story

UOW developed wearable tech to beat foreign fakes

4D printing

Supervision

Advisees

Graduate Advising Relationship

Background

Keywords

Contact

Located In Facility

Identity

Orcid Id

Web Of Science Researcher Id

Scopus Id

Overview

Top Publications

Research Areas

Research Overview

Publications

Selected Publications

Journal Article

Book

Chapter

Conference Paper

Funding

Investigator On

Impact

Impact Story

UOW developed wearable tech to beat foreign fakes

4D printing

Supervision

Advisees

Graduate Advising Relationship

Background

Keywords

Contact

Located In Facility

Identity

Orcid Id

Web Of Science Researcher Id

Scopus Id

Visualisations

Research Areas